Joint ventures y especialización productiva en la industria del vino en Chile

Bustos, R. Javier; Torres, Julio ́Peña; Willington, Manuel

doi:10.38178/cep.vi109.490

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…However, it is important to note that, in the wine sector, many locally-controlled firms have eventually grown to become the dominant form of firm ownership in the sector. For instance, in 2004, only 40 out a total of 265 vineyards in Chile had some degree of foreign equity in their ownership structure, producing around 15% of the total value of Chile's wine exports (Bustos et al 2007). By the 2010 s, over 200 globally competitive Chilean-owned firms had emerged in the wine sector, with above USD 1 billion exports (Gwynne 2012).…”

Section: New Resource Sectors: Salmon Fruits Wood-based Products and Winementioning

confidence: 99%

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Local-foreign technology interface, resource-based development, and industrial policy: how Chile and Malaysia are escaping the middle-income trap

2020

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This paper starts by showing that Chile and Malaysia are on the path of escaping the middle-income trap in terms of their income level relative to that of the USA. In contrast to the conventional view, we find that the leading export sectors are not manufacturing (such as electronics) in Malaysia or mining alone in Chile. Instead, the engines of growth have been (1) resource-based sectors (petroleum, rubber and palm oil) in Malaysia; and (2) non-mining resource-based sectors (salmon, fruits, wine and wood-based) in Chile. Furthermore, the sustained growth of these sectors is not the result of free-markets, as frequently argued, but also of specific industrial policy measures, that have enabled the accumulation of productive and innovation capabilities through R&D support, fiscal incentives, export assistance, and quality control. We also find that the emergence of locally-controlled firms has been an important aspect of this long-term success, although the sources of the initial learning included foreign actors and FDI. The cases of Chile and Malaysia consequently show the possibility of escaping the middle-income trap not through manufacturing but instead through resource-based development. Such strategy differs from the so-called short cycle technology-based catch-up by the East Asian tigers and from the unsustainable commodity rent-extraction in resource-rich countries, but is consistent with the view that emphasizes the need to specialize in sectors with low entry barriers, and to promote investments in innovation and technological capabilities.

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Section: New Resource Sectors: Salmon Fruits Wood-based Products and Winementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2004, 15% of vineyards in Chile had some degree of foreign equity in their ownership structure. This group of firms also produced around 15% of the total value of Chile's wine exports (Bustos et al 2007). However, the role of foreign experts and technology has been acknowledged (Giuliani et al 2011)…”

Section: Wine Localmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local-foreign technology interface, resource-based development, and industrial policy: how Chile and Malaysia are escaping the middle-income trap

2020

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“…The influx of foreign investment from the early 1990s has generally taken two paths; the creation of joint ventures where foreign groups invest in already established Chilean wine companies or the creation of companies affiliated with foreign wine producers (Bustos et al, 2007;del Pozo, 2014). There has also been the emergence of a third category of boutique highend and export-oriented vineyards.…”

Section: Growth In Foreign Investmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adapted from(del Pozo, 2014) Growth in production has been supported by the expansion of the wine industry into new viticultural valleys (Like Casablanca) as well intensification of wine production the traditional wine-producing areas of the Central Valley (such Curicó and Rancagua)(Overton, Murray, & Silva, 2012). The expansion into new viticulture valleys is mostly explained by attempts to produce new premium wines with different terroir(Bustos, Torres, & Willington, 2007). Since the 1990s, Chilean wine producers have sought to take advantage of climatic and soil variations to produce more distinctive premium wines and thus position Chilean wines in higher-end international markets.…”

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confidence: 99%

Creating Ethical Markets or Marketing Ethics? A Critical Exploration of Ethical Value Networks in Chilean and Peruvian Viticulture and Oenology

Williams¹

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<p>The global integration of agriculture has increasingly exposed rural groups in Latin America, and other regions of the Global South, to external economic forces. This integration, encouraged by neoliberal ideology, has in many ways exacerbated underdevelopment and peripherality of these regions. Small-scale farmers tend to disproportionately suffer from trade inequality and a range of negative social, economic, and environmental outcomes associated with the integration of agriculture. In response, consumers in the Global North have become more concerned about how food is being produced and to what standards, particularly when production takes place in the South. In part, this has driven the rise of what this research theorises as ethical value networks and linked product labels. Diverse networks and product labels based in social justice, sustainability, quality and origin have been promoted as alternative models to globalised agriculture. It is claimed that these alternative networks assist rural groups otherwise disadvantaged by neoliberal globalisation by facilitating access to higher-value ethical niche markets, while encouraging localised ethical forms of development. This research critically explores two examples of ethical value networks in South American viticulture. It examines the use of fair trade certifications in Chilean wine and the protected designation of origin mark on pisco from Peru. This research emphasises the importance of local social, economic, and political contexts in the formation and outcomes of ethical value networks. It argues that despite the potential of the two studied networks to encourage local social and community development, entrenched socio-economic inequalities in Chile and Peru have hindered the expected positive outcomes of these ethical value networks. Moreover, this thesis argues that the studied networks have in many ways worsened local rural inequalities by supporting industrial and newer producers while excluding the most vulnerable actors in the wine and pisco sectors. Therefore, although this thesis illustrates the potential capacities of ethical value networks in fostering local development outcomes through product labelling, it also reveals the main limitations of these networks as currently implemented.</p>

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“…The high value of the Chilean wines produced by joint-ventures and the analysis of the price trends over time have led some authors to argue that in the Chilean wine industry, the partnership between foreign and local companies is definitely a driver of high quality, value added and commercial value (Vergara, 2001;Mac Cawley and Contreras, 2006;Bustos, Torres and Willington, 2007). In particular, according to Bustos, Torres and Willington (2007), during the period 1998-2004 the average price per unit of exported wines was remarkably higher for Chilean joint-ventures than for foreign affiliates without a domestic partner, namely 4.9 US$ per bottle versus 2.1 US$ per bottle, against an overall average of 1.6 US$ per bottle. Additionally, joint-ventures controlled between 23 and 30 percent of the market of super premium wines, against 9-17 percent of foreign affiliates.…”

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confidence: 99%

Natural resources, innovation and export growth : the wine industry in Chile and Argentina

Farinelli¹

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Joint ventures y especialización productiva en la industria del vino en Chile

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Local-foreign technology interface, resource-based development, and industrial policy: how Chile and Malaysia are escaping the middle-income trap

Local-foreign technology interface, resource-based development, and industrial policy: how Chile and Malaysia are escaping the middle-income trap

Creating Ethical Markets or Marketing Ethics? A Critical Exploration of Ethical Value Networks in Chilean and Peruvian Viticulture and Oenology

Natural resources, innovation and export growth : the wine industry in Chile and Argentina

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