“…In contrast to the positive effects that sustainable management in trout fisheries have [e.g., the conditional and unconditional catch-and-release (Simonović et al, 2018)], both fishery managers and trout farmers fostered stocking of farmed brown trout fry and even spent brood fish (Simonović et al, 2014) to quickly enhance brown trout fisheries and accelerate return of investments (Simonović et al, 2017b). Based on recent knowledge of the native diversity of brown trout in the Western Balkans (Marić et al, 2006;Simonović et al, 2017a) and the risks posed to them by the introduction of non-native strains of brown trout and related species might pose to them (Simonović et al, 2013(Simonović et al, , 2015, recent surveys have revealed the occurrence of permanent, long-lasting introduction caused by stocking streams attractive for trout fisheries (Simonović et al, 2014;Škraba Jurlina et al, 2018), streams originally devoid of trout prior to stocking (Jadan et al, 2007;Simonović et al, 2018), and even streams that are not at all suitable for brown trout fisheries (Tošić et al, 2016;Škraba et al, 2017). Introduction of trout fish of the non-native haplogroups and of the non-native haplotypes in the dispersal area of brown trout of the DA haplogroup in the Western Balkans has been a long-standing practice since the mid-nineteenth century at least, when Slovenia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina were parts of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (Razpet et al, 2007;Simonović et al, 2017b).…”