Juvenility of tobacco induced by cytokinin gene introduction decreases susceptibility to Tobacco necrosis virus and confers tolerance to oxidative stress

Pogány, Miklós; Koehl, Julia; Heiser, Ingrid; Elstner, Erich F.; Barna, B.

doi:10.1016/j.pmpp.2004.10.006

Cited by 70 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…8B), and that this results in an enhanced ROS scavenging capacity in developing imgi2 plastids, a reduction of EPs, and suppression of the im defect. This proposal is consistent with the observations of others that cytokinin signaling and chloroplast ROS scavenging capacity are linked (Pogany et al, 2004;Cortleven et al, 2014) and also with the finding that plastidlocalized ROS scavenging enzymes like SOD and APX are specifically increased in maize (Zea mays) seedlings treated with PAC (Pinhero et al, 1997). In accord with our model, the latter might be a cytokinin response, rather than a GA response, inasmuch as inhibition of GA (via PAC) would be anticipated to derepresses cytokinin signaling.…”

Section: Molecular Mechanism(s) Of Im Suppressionsupporting

confidence: 93%

giganteaSuppressesimmutansVariegation by Interactions with Cytokinin and Gibberellin Signaling Pathways

Putarjunan

Rodermel

2014

Plant Physiology

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The immutans (im) variegation mutant of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) is an ideal model to gain insight into factors that control chloroplast biogenesis. im defines the gene for PTOX, a plastoquinol terminal oxidase that participates in the control of thylakoid redox. Here, we report that the im defect can be suppressed during the late stages of plant development by gigantea (gi2), which defines the gene for GI, a central component of the circadian clock that plays a poorly understood role in diverse plant developmental processes. imgi2 mutants are late flowering and display other well-known phenotypes associated with gi2, such as starch accumulation and resistance to oxidative stress. We show that the restoration of chloroplast biogenesis in imgi2 is caused by a development-specific derepression of cytokinin signaling that involves cross talk with signaling pathways mediated by gibberellin (GA) and SPINDLY (SPY), a GA response inhibitor. Suppression of the plastid defect in imgi2 is likely caused by a relaxation of excitation pressures in developing plastids by factors contributed by gi2, including enhanced rates of photosynthesis and increased resistance to oxidative stress. Interestingly, the suppression phenotype of imgi can be mimicked by crossing im with the starch accumulation mutant, starch excess1 (sex1), perhaps because sex1 utilizes pathways similar to gi. We conclude that our studies provide a direct genetic linkage between GI and chloroplast biogenesis, and we construct a model of interactions between signaling pathways mediated by gi, GA, SPY, cytokinins, and sex1 that are required for chloroplast biogenesis.

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Section: Molecular Mechanism(s) Of Im Suppressionsupporting

confidence: 93%

giganteaSuppressesimmutansVariegation by Interactions with Cytokinin and Gibberellin Signaling Pathways

Putarjunan

Rodermel

2014

Plant Physiology

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“…In rice, treatment of plants with high levels of cytokinins led to increased defence gene expression against the biotrophic rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (Jiang et al, 2013). Added to other reports from the literature where high levels of cytokinins in plants have been linked to resistance to viruses (Clarke et al, 2000;Pogany et al, 2004) and even nematodes (Shanks et al, 2016), these data point to a role for cytokinins in activating defence responses and contributing to physiological conditions that help contain invading biotrophic pathogens, a process we have now named cytokinin-induced immunity.…”

Section: If I Don't Fight There Will Be Trouble: Cytokinins In Plant-mentioning

confidence: 74%

Should I fight or should I grow now? The role of cytokinins in plant growth and immunity and in the growth–defence trade-off

Albrecht

Argueso

2016

Ann Bot

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Background Perception and activation of plant immunity require a remarkable level of signalling plasticity and control. In Arabidopsis and other plant species, constitutive defence activation leads to resistance to a broad spectrum of biotrophic pathogens, but also frequently to stunted growth and reduced seed set. Plant hormones are important integrators of the physiological responses that influence the outcome of plant-pathogen interactions.Scope We review the mechanisms by which the plant hormone cytokinin regulates both plant growth and response to pathogens, and how cytokinins may connect these two processes, ultimately affecting the growth tradeoffs observed in plant immunity.

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“…Two-week Arabidopsis plants were vacuum-infiltrated with 2.5 mM DAB (3,39-diaminobenzidine) solution, cleared in a solution of 80% (v/v) ethanol, 20% (v/v) chloroform, and 0.15% (w/v) trichloroacetic acid for 24 h, and mounted in 50% (v/v) glycerol solution (Pogány et al, 2004). For detection of cell death, we prepared a Trypan Blue stock solution consisting of 10 g of phenol, 10 mL of glycerol, 10 mL of lactic acid, 10 mL of distilled water, and 0.02 g of Trypan Blue (Sigma-Aldrich).…”

Section: Histochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of SKD1 Regulators LIP5 and IST1-LIKE1 in Endosomal Sorting and Plant Development

et al. 2016

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SKD1 is a core component of the mechanism that degrades plasma membrane proteins via the Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) pathway. Its ATPase activity and endosomal recruitment are regulated by the ESCRT components LIP5 and IST1. How LIP5 and IST1 affect ESCRT-mediated endosomal trafficking and development in plants is not known. Here we use Arabidopsis mutants to demonstrate that LIP5 controls the constitutive degradation of plasma membrane proteins and the formation of endosomal intraluminal vesicles. Although lip5 mutants were able to polarize the auxin efflux facilitators PIN2 and PIN3, both proteins were mis-sorted to the tonoplast in lip5 root cells. In addition, lip5 root cells over-accumulated PIN2 at the plasma membrane. Consistently with the trafficking defects of PIN proteins, the lip5 roots showed abnormal gravitropism with an enhanced response within the first 4 h after gravistimulation. LIP5 physically interacts with IST1-LIKE1 (ISTL1), a protein predicted to be the Arabidopsis homolog of yeast IST1. However, we found that Arabidopsis contains 12 genes coding for predicted IST1-domain containing proteins (ISTL1-12). Within the ISTL1-6 group, ISTL1 showed the strongest interaction with LIP5, SKD1, and the ESCRT-III-related proteins CHMP1A in yeast two hybrid assays. Through the analysis of single and double mutants, we found that the synthetic interaction of LIP5 with ISTL1, but not with ISTL2, 3, or 6, is essential for normal plant growth, repression of spontaneous cell death, and post-embryonic lethality.

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Juvenility of tobacco induced by cytokinin gene introduction decreases susceptibility to Tobacco necrosis virus and confers tolerance to oxidative stress

Cited by 70 publications

References 58 publications

giganteaSuppressesimmutansVariegation by Interactions with Cytokinin and Gibberellin Signaling Pathways

giganteaSuppressesimmutansVariegation by Interactions with Cytokinin and Gibberellin Signaling Pathways

Should I fight or should I grow now? The role of cytokinins in plant growth and immunity and in the growth–defence trade-off

Role of SKD1 Regulators LIP5 and IST1-LIKE1 in Endosomal Sorting and Plant Development

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