k0-INAA of Venezuelan ceramics and complete statistical analysis to establish their provenance

Pino, F.; Sajo-Castelli, A. M.; Barros, H.; Vermaercke, P.; Sneyers, L.; Bohus, L. Sajo; Antczak, Ma. Magdalena; Antczak, Andrzej T.

doi:10.1007/s10967-013-2603-y

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Moreover, different slips were often applied to various zones of the same vessel or human figurine. The comparative study of the chemical composition of diverse slips, and the use of such slips on the various zones of anthropomorphic and zoomorphic figurines, adornos, effigy vessels and cooking/storage pots may yield new insights into Arauquinoid-Valencioid pottery resemblances (see Pino et al 2013). …”

Section: Slipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-thinking the Migration of Cariban-Speakers from the Middle Orinoco River to North-Central Venezuela (AD 800)

2017

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Moving back in time from the early colonial to the late pre-colonial period we evaluate the hypothesis asserting the migratory movement of Cariban-speaking groups from the Middle Orinoco River area towards north-central Venezuela. The explanation in vogue maintains that the migration followed fluvial routes and occurred between 1350 and 1150 BP (AD 600-800). We examine archaeological, linguistic, ethnohistorical, genetic, and ecological data seeking similarities between the Orinoco emigrants and their northcentral Venezuelan descendants. As a result, we propose an alternative terrestrial/fluvial route and suggest these events occurred between 1150 and 1050 BP (AD 800-900). The route first proceeded upstream along rivers of the central llanos and later followed a natural terrestrial geomorphological corridor into the Lake Valencia Basin. We argue that, while future interdisciplinary (especially archaeo-linguistic and bioarchaeological) research is needed to further assess the results of these analyses, the Orinocan descendants in northcentral Venezuela emerge as one of the most dynamic sociopolitical Cariban-speaking entities in all northeastern South America and the insular Caribbean on the eve of the European Conquest.

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Section: Slipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-thinking the Migration of Cariban-Speakers from the Middle Orinoco River to North-Central Venezuela (AD 800)

2017

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“…A AAN é um método de análise não destrutivo que é aplicável em quase todo campo de interesse científico [48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] . É capaz de determinar concentrações na ordem de partes por bilhão ou superior.…”

Section: Análise De Ativação Neutrônica E O Métodounclassified

Estudo de técnicas estatísticas aplicadas à determinação de parâmetros no método <i>k<sub>0</sub></i> de análise por ativação neutrônica

Ribeiro¹

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The present work aims to improve a code for calculating k0 and Q0 parameters, called COVAR, adding another method of calculating k0 factor and improving the covariance analysis, creating a new version: COVAR v4.1. The present work also aims the development of a new method of calculating the alpha and several k0 parameters in a single least square fit, by means of a novel methodology, using covariance matrices and all partial uncertainties. For the calculations applying this new method, another code was developed, called AKFIT v2.1 which performs linear and non-linear fittings for the determination of alpha and k0 parameters for several irradiations in different periods. We used a database with irradiations in the years 2008 and 2010 performed at the IEAR-1 nuclear reactor of the IPEN-CNEN/SP, by the Nuclear Metrology Laboratory (LMN), corresponding to radionuclides 95 Zr, 65 Zn, 69m Zn, 46 Sc, 140 La and 60 Co and resulting in 21 data sets which were analyzed in order to verify the performance of COVAR4.1 and AKFIT2.1. For COVAR v4.1, the results with the alternative calculation of k0 factor were close to the already existing calculation and were consistent with the literature. For AKFIT v2.1 fittings were performed with both irradiations simultaneously and separately. The fitted models agreed with the literature. The value was 0,0025(83), which agrees with previous results obtained by the LMN. The correlations between the parameters k0 behaved as expected, with smaller values between different elements and greater correlations between equal elements with different energies and using the same comparator measurement. It can be concluded that the proposed methods were able to calculate the values of k0, with AKFIT v2.1 being a new technique in which it is possible to determine two parameters, alpha and k0 at the same time, quickly and accurately. It is expected that AKFIT code can be improved by adding more parameters, such as Q0 and f, by making a complete fitting for the determination of all the main parameters for the k0 NAA method.

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Raman Spectroscopy Against Harmful Nitrogen‐Based Compounds in Cultural Heritage Materials

Huidobro,

Arana,

Madariaga

2024

J Raman Spectroscopy

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Nitrogen‐based compounds are widespread in the environment due to various sources of natural and anthropogenic origin that introduce them from the most reducing form (the acidic ammonium cation) to the most oxidized (the nitrate anion). In addition, some environmental conditions, such as pH and redox potential, favor secondary reactions of nitrogenous compounds. An example of this is the harmful effect of nitrates on cultural heritage (CH), which poses a threat to its preservation. This is due to their high solubility and mobility, which allow them to penetrate the structure of the materials. As a result of their crystallization/dissolution and hydration/dehydration cycles, the precipitation of nitrate salts in the pores causes internal fractures, leading to the subsequent deterioration and loss of the material. The detection of these salts is a straightforward process in analytical chemistry, but it is imperative to use nondestructive and noninvasive analytical techniques, such as Raman spectroscopy, because of the need to preserve CH. In this work, we have compiled the sources and pathways that contribute to the formation of nitrogen‐based compounds, especially nitrate salts in various CH components. Finally, the Raman spectrum characteristic of the nitrate family has also been explained, including the most damaging nitrates found in CH, such as niter, nitratine, nitrocalcite, nitromagnesite, nitrobarite, and nitrammite, and has been compiled. In addition, less common nitrates, some nitrites, and other ammonium compounds have been included in this database.

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k0-INAA of Venezuelan ceramics and complete statistical analysis to establish their provenance

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

Re-thinking the Migration of Cariban-Speakers from the Middle Orinoco River to North-Central Venezuela (AD 800)

Re-thinking the Migration of Cariban-Speakers from the Middle Orinoco River to North-Central Venezuela (AD 800)

Estudo de técnicas estatísticas aplicadas à determinação de parâmetros no método <i>k<sub>0</sub></i> de análise por ativação neutrônica

Raman Spectroscopy Against Harmful Nitrogen‐Based Compounds in Cultural Heritage Materials

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