Ka-Band ARM Zenith Radar (KAZR) Active Remote Sensing of Clouds (ARSCL) CloudSat Calibration (KAZRARSCL-CLOUDSAT) (Value-Added Product Report)

Johnson, Karen; Giangrande, Scott; Zhou, Aifang

doi:10.2172/1847644

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, for comparison with the SO data, we also collected radar‐lidar combined cloud boundary retrievals (ARSCL product; ARM, 2015), radiosoundings (ARM, 1993) and meteorology information (ARM, 2013) from the ENA site (28°W, 39°N) situated on Graciosa Island in the Azores Archipelago. The same products are collected as listed above for the SOs, and we use the same additional information from MERRA‐2 to supplement the observations.…”

Section: Observations and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Relationship Between the Marine Cold Air Outbreak M Parameter and Low‐Level Cloud Heights in the Midlatitudes

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Focusing on conditions of subsidence when low clouds are present, ground‐based observations in both the North Atlantic and the Southern Ocean reveal strong relationships between cloud boundary (base and top heights) and different measures of lower tropospheric instability. The difference in potential temperature between the surface and 800 hPa (a metric called M) provides a stronger relationship than measures of inversion strength such as the lower tropospheric stability and estimated inversion strength. This is because (1) inversion strength itself does not correlate well with cloud boundaries, and (2) M contains information that appears important for cloud boundaries. These include the surface forcing through the use of sea surface rather than near‐surface air temperature and an upper level close to the real cloud top. These results expand upon previous work on the importance of M as a predictor of cloud morphology. However, important differences are found in low‐cloud conditions for the North Atlantic as compared to the Southern Ocean (for a given value of M): stronger inversions, deeper boundary layers, and much larger sea level pressures. Therefore, the relationship between cloud boundaries and M differs between the two regions. A general circulation model provides similar relationships as observed between M and both cloud top height and temperature but tends to place clouds higher and at colder temperatures than observed for a given M. This might cause issues with the representation of precipitation, cloud cover and radiation in the Southern Ocean.

show abstract

Section: Observations and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Relationship Between the Marine Cold Air Outbreak M Parameter and Low‐Level Cloud Heights in the Midlatitudes

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…KAZR observations are provided in the ARSCLKAZR1KOLLIAS data product (Clothiaux et al., 2000; Kollias et al., 2007). Several data products are multi‐sensor value‐added products, such as ARSCLKAZRBND1KOLLIAS , which contains cloud boundaries at a temporal resolution of 4 s and a vertical resolution of 30 m, based on KAZR, micropulse lidar (MPL), and ceilometer data (Johnson et al., 2019). The INTERPOLATEDSONDE product linearly interpolates available radiosonde data on a fixed time‐height grid with a 1‐min time resolution (Fairless et al., 2021).…”

Section: Data Sources and Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Structure of Clouds and Precipitation During Arctic Cold‐Air Outbreaks and Warm‐Air Intrusions: Observations From COMBLE

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Arctic is marked by deep intrusions of warm, moist air, alternating with outbreaks of cold air down to lower latitudes. The typical vertical structure of clouds and precipitation during these two synoptic weather extremes is examined at a coastal site at 69°N in Norway. The Norwegian Sea is a corridor for warm‐air intrusions (WAIs) and frequently witnesses cold‐air outbreaks (CAOs). This study uses data from profiling radar, lidar, and microwave radiometer, radiosondes and other probes that were collected during the CAOs in the Marine Boundary Layer Experiment (COMBLE) between 1 December 2019 and 31 May 2020. Marine CAOs are defined in terms of thermal instability relative to the sea surface temperature, and WAIs in terms of equivalent potential temperature stratification between the surface and 850 hPa. Cloud structures in CAOs are convective, driven by strong surface heat fluxes over a long fetch of open water, with cloud tops rarely exceeding 6 km above sea level. The mostly open‐cellular convection produces intermittent moderately‐heavy precipitation at the observational site, notwithstanding the low precipitable water vapor (PWV). In contrast, WAIs are marked by high values of PWV and integrated vapor transport. WAI clouds are synoptically driven, stratiform, with cloud tops often exceeding 5 km, sometimes layered, and generally producing persistent precipitation that can be heavier than in CAOs.

show abstract

“…Zenith Radars) (Clothiaux et al, 2001;Johnson et al, 2019) product merges KAZR measurements with collocated laser ceilometer, MPL, microwave radiometer, radiosonde, and surface precipitation measurements to provide a best estimate of retrieved cloud macrophysical parameters. Similarly, the WACRARSCL (W-Band Cloud Radar Active Remote Sensing of Cloud product) (Giangrande et al, 2017) combines MWACR measurements with the MPL, and ceilometer using the algorithm of Kollias et al (2007) to give best estimates of cloud parameters.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Dependence of Cloud Macrophysical Properties and Phase Distributions on Environmental Conditions Over the North Atlantic and Southern Ocean: Results From COMBLE and MARCUS

Xia,

McFarquhar

2024

JGR Atmospheres

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The accurate representation of Cold Air Outbreaks (CAOs) and affiliated mixed‐phase boundary layer (BL) clouds in models is challenging. How BL cloud properties evolve during CAOs and their dependence on meteorological conditions is not well understood but is important for the simulation of Earth's energy budgets. Here the properties of polar BL clouds over the North Atlantic (NA) and Southern Ocean (SO) are compared using observations from the Measurements of Aerosol Radiation and CloUds over the SO (MARCUS) and CAOs in the Marine BL Experiment (COMBLE) conducted over the NA. MARCUS observations show a stronger BL inversion than COMBLE, with a higher mean EIS (estimated inversion strength)/LTS (lower tropospheric stability) of −0.03 K/13 K compared to COMBLE’s −3.2 K/9.3 K. 39% of CAOs observed during COMBLE were intense with M > 5 K, while MARCUS only had 1.3%. 78%/72% of clouds sampled in CAOs during COMBLE/MARCUS had cloud top heights <4 km. The mean BL cloud top height was over 400 m higher, and the BL was over 500 m deeper for M of 10 K compared to 0 K for both regions. MARCUS observed a 27% moister BL structure than COMBLE when M > 5 K due to stronger BL inversion trapping more moisture within the BL. Under the same LTS, EIS, and M conditions, MARCUS observed a 12% drier BL structure, and clouds were 46% more turbulent than COMBLE. During CAOs, 54% of single‐layer BL clouds sampled during MARCUS had liquid‐dominated bases compared to 39% during COMBLE.

show abstract

Ka-Band ARM Zenith Radar (KAZR) Active Remote Sensing of Clouds (ARSCL) CloudSat Calibration (KAZRARSCL-CLOUDSAT) (Value-Added Product Report)

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

On the Relationship Between the Marine Cold Air Outbreak M Parameter and Low‐Level Cloud Heights in the Midlatitudes

On the Relationship Between the Marine Cold Air Outbreak M Parameter and Low‐Level Cloud Heights in the Midlatitudes

Vertical Structure of Clouds and Precipitation During Arctic Cold‐Air Outbreaks and Warm‐Air Intrusions: Observations From COMBLE

Dependence of Cloud Macrophysical Properties and Phase Distributions on Environmental Conditions Over the North Atlantic and Southern Ocean: Results From COMBLE and MARCUS

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About