“…[1][2][3][4][5] At present, owing to the sophisticated production process and high cost of GaN, most of the mature GaN HEMTs on the market are grown heteroepitaxially on sapphire and SiC due to their relatively small difference in lattice parameters and thermal expansion coefficient. [6][7][8][9][10] By comparison, Si substrates have the advantages of low cost, high crystal quality, large size, and relatively mature process conditions, which makes them more and more competitive. [11][12][13] However, a large amount of heat is generated and accumulated while outputting high power, [14,15] accompanied by the rapid deterioration of the output power density and efficiency, and even the transistor failure, remaining a significant issue in reliability.…”