KAJIAN GEOLOGI TERHADAP SITUS-SITUS DI PEKALONGAN, PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH (Geological Study On Sites In Pekalongan, Central Java Province)

Abstract

Pekalongan the study location, present many cultural remains, one of which is from the Hindu-Buddhist period, which has not gotten any attention of environmental researchers yet. This becomes the basis of the main research problems that cover geology in general. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to carry out surface geological mapping in general as one of the efforts to present geological information, while the aim is to find out the geomorphological aspects, stratigraphy, geological structures that are associated with the existence in archaeological sites of the research area. The research method begins with literature review, surveys, analysis, and interpretation of field data. Environmental observation provides information about the landscape consisting of terrestrial morphology units, weak corrugated morphological units, and strong corrugated morphological units. The river is dendritic, radial and rectangular patterned, with the old-mature river and the old river, periodic/permanent rivers, and episodic/intermittent rivers. The rock Compositions are alluvial, andesite, basalt, volcanic breccias, and sandstones. The geological structure is in the form of faults, and is joint. The exploration in Pekalongan has found six Hindu-Buddhist sites. ABSTRAKPekalongan, yang menjadi lokasi penelitian, menyimpan banyak tinggalan budaya, salah satunya dari masa Hindu-Budha, yang belum mendapat perhatian dari para peneliti lingkungan. Hal inilah yang dijadikan dasar permasalahan utama penelitian yang mencakup geologi secara umum. Oleh sebab itu, maksud penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan pemetaan geologi permukaan secara umum sebagai salah satu upaya untuk menyajikan informasi geologi, sedangkan tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui aspek-aspek geomorfologi, stratigrafi, struktur geologi yang dikaitkan dengan keberadaan di situs-situs arkeologi wilayah penelitian. Metode penelitian diawali dengan kajian pustaka, survei, dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis, dan interpretasi data lapangan. Pengamatan lingkungan memberikan informasi tentang bentang alamnya terdiri yang dari satuan morfologi dataran, satuan morfologi bergelombang lemah, dan satuan morfologi bergelombang kuat. Sungainya berpola dendritik, radial, dan rektangular, berstadia sungai dewasa-tua dan sungai tua, sungai periodik/ permanen, dan sungai episodik/intermittent. Batuan penyusun adalah aluvial, andesit, basal, breksi vulkanik, dan batupasir. Struktur geologi berupa sesar, dan kekar. Eksplorasi di Kabupaten Pekalongan telah menemukan enam situs Hindu-Budha.

Artefacts Evidence of the Entry of Islam in the First History Century (7th A.D.) at the Bongal Site, Badiri District, Central Tapanuli District

“…In 2020, archaeological research began to be carried out in the Bongal area or Jago Jago Village, either independently by private institutions or in collaboration with authorized government agencies. From this research, various archaeological traces were found in the form of artifacts, ecofacts, and features that are very important for the history of classical era Indonesian civilization such as glass, ceramics, coins, beads, as well as various organic findings both of local origin and various other regions such as the Middle East, South Asia, and East Asia [3]. Several types of artifacts found at the Bongal Site that have been documented by a team from the National Innovation Research Institute (BRIN) from research in 2019 -2021 include ceramics, pottery, glass, stone, wood, beads and various types of metals such as gold, silver, tin, copper and bronze [6].…”