Kajian Karakteristik, Perilaku Dan Faktor Pendorong Petani Muda Terlibat Dalam Agribisnis Pada Era Pasar Global

Abstract

Pasar produk pertanian telah berubah secara signifikan, yang tadinya bersifat tradisional, sekarang sudah lebih modern dan bersifat global. Demikian juga dengan petaninya, yang tadinya digambarkan petani Indonesia adalah sudah pada tua dan jenuh, sepertinya tidak sepenuhnya benar. Terdapat proses regenerasi, ada kecenderungan bahwa petani muda yang terlibat di agribisnis sudah mulai meningkat kuantitasnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: (1) Karakteristik petani muda pelaku agribisnis, (2) Perilaku beragribisnis petani muda, dan (3) Faktor-faktor yang mendorong mereka untuk terjun di bidang agribisnis. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah survey yang diperkaya dengan FGD. Ukuran sampel sebanyak 280 orang yang berasal dari 3 lokasi terpilih di Jawa Barat. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif, tabulasi silang dan korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1) Petani muda pelaku agribisnis umumnya berpendidikan lebih tinggi, dan berpengalaman tidak hanya di bidang pertanian tapi juga bidang nonpertanian, (2) Perilaku agribisnis petani muda, walaupun masih memiliki kelemahan pada sisi kualitas dan belum berdaya saing, mereka umumnya sudah melaksanakan agribisnis yang lebih modern, dan (3) Terdapat beberapa faktor utama yang mendorong para petani muda untuk terlibat di bidang agribisnis, diantaranya faktor lembaga penyuluhan, perusahaan agribisnis, komunitas dan dukungan keluarga. Kata kunci : petani muda, pasar global, perilaku agribisnis PENDAHULUAN

The Role of Young Farmers Group in New Media Utilization for Young Horticultural Agripreneurs in Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia

“…This result is following research Subejo, et al (2018), which states that agricultural activities especially production are mostly carried out by men. Regarding the education level, most of the young farmers (74%) graduated from High School / Vocational High School, This data is following Anwarudin, et al (2019) and Rasmikayati, et al (2017), which states that young farmers have a relatively high level of education than older farmers. It is expected that the adoption and innovation process can be better, especially in the use of new media (Makalew et al, 2013 The group as a vehicle for cooperation (3.08) can create an atmosphere of mutual help and closeness between members.…”

Attitude of young farmers to on-farm business sustainability based on the behavior and success of seeking digital information related to agriculture (case of Lebak Regency, Banten Province-Indonesia)

“…This means that many farmers are engaged in farming after completing their education at the senior high school level or even higher education. In accordance with the research results of Rasmikayati et al [6] stated that the majority of young and very young farmers have a bachelor's level of education, with the duration of on-farm farming less than 5 years.…”

The Role of Young Farmer Horticulture Group on Improving Entrepreneur Behavior in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Indonesia

“…The characteristics of farmers, which include: educational level and length of business, can affect agricultural entrepreneurship, as [19] research. Sex does not affect the entrepreneurship, meaning that women have the same opportunity to do business.…”

“…The role of the group has a significant favorable influence on entrepreneurial behavior (Table 4). Bandura [19] explained that Social Learning Theory could occur through the stages of attention, retention, motor reproduction, and motivation. Learning from the experiences of other successful farmers or social learning through the interaction of young farmers is very useful in increasing entrepreneurial motivation as a state by [22] and entrepreneurial behavior [29] [30].…”