Karakteristik Petani Dan Profil Usahatani Ubi Jalar Di Kec. Arjasari, Kab. Bandung

Abstract

Ubi jalar merupakan salah satu sumberdaya hayati unggulan yang berdaya saing industri karena permintaan untuk ekspor yang tinggi. Namun demikian, kajian agribisnis ubi jalar dari sudut pandang sosial ekonomi di tingkat petaninya belum banyak diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Menganalisis karakteristik individu petani ubi jalar; dan 2) Memahami karakteristik usahatani ubi jalar ditinjau dari penggunaan benih ubi jalar, status kepemilikan lahan, pola tanam ubi jalar, penggunaan pupuk dan pestisida serta hasil produksi dan sistem pemasaran ubi jalar.Penelitian ini berlokasi di Kec. Arjasari, Kab. Bandung. Metode penelitian menggunakan metodesurveydengan teknik Simple Random Sampling. Alat análisis data yang digunakan adalah descriptive statistics analysis yang diperkaya denganhasil Focus Discussion Group (FGD). Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa petani ubi jalar di Kec. Arjasari, rata-rata berusia 51 tahun dengan pekerjaan utamanya adalah bertani ubi jalar. Mayoritas petani ubi jalar memiliki tingkat pendidikan rendah (SD dan tidak tamat SD) dengan kepemilikan lahan seluas 0,11-0,5 Ha yang merupakan warisan turuntemurun. Petani menanam ubi jalar varietas kuningan putih (AC Putih) dan ubi ungu. Pemupukan biasanya hanya dilakukan sekali yaitu pada saat tanaman berusia sekitar 2 bulan dengan sistem pembukaan tanah. Rata-rata produksi ubi jalar petani adalah 250-300 kg /100 m 2. Tujuan pasar petani responden yakni bandar dengan sistem pembayaran tunai maupun tebasan. Kegiatan pascapanen seperti penyortiran dilakukan oleh petani dan bandar bersamaan saat berlangsungnya transaksi.

Financial Analysis of Sweet Potato Farming in Gunung Talang Region, West Sumatra, Indonesia

“…In other words, farmers gain on each invested IDR, 0.105 IDR that is a bit more than the capital they have invested in the production of this crop. The results tally with those of other researchers obtained for sweet potato farming in other locations in Indonesia like Ampek Angkek in Agam regency (benefit-cost ratio 0.86) [6] and in Reban, Batang regency with the highest revenuecost ratio 1.38 [7], but lower than that of in Arjasari, Bandung regency with benefit-cost ratio 1.24 [8] and in Pati, Jember regency (benefit-cost ratio 1.88) [9]. In other words, the production of sweet potato in Gunung Talang region is financially more profitable than that of in Ampek Angkek and Reban but less profitable than that of in Arjasari and Pati.…”

“…Factors affected the sweet potato's production in Ampek Angkek were seeds, organic fertilizer, labor in the family, and labor outside the family. In Anjarsari, West Java, Indonesia, R/C ratio of sweet potato farming also showed that sweet potato was feasible to cultivate, although 25% of its cost was for planting materials [8]. The feasibility of sweet potato farming was also mentioned by Chasanah et al [7].…”

“…The average yield of sweet potato farming in Gunung Talang region was 22,550 kg per hectare. This yield is slightly lower than the yield of sweet potato in Anjarsari (West Java) [8], but higher than that of in Ampek Angkek region (West Sumatra) [6], and even significantly higher than the yield of sweet potato in Kepundung village (Central Java) [7], Camarines Sur (Philippines) [15], and Nigeria [22].…”

“…Out of 131 man-days, 105.10 were hired and 26.63 were unpaid family supplied. This condition is the same as sweet potato farming in Arjasari, Bandung regency where the use of hired labors were dominant compared to unpaid family labors [8] but is different from human labors used for sweet potato farming in Sherpur and Jamalpur districts in Bangladesh [24] where total labors used were 284 mandays and 274 mandays, and the number of unpaid family labors were higher than hired labors. Consequently, the benefit-cost ratio of sweet potato farming in Gunung Talang region was lower than that of in Bangladesh, either full cost basis or cash cost basis.…”

Agribusiness Behavior of Mango Farmers In The District of Panyingkiran Majalengka Regency Based On Mango Ownership

“…Farmer characteristics are personal data owned by farmers or characteristics inherent in individual farmers that can distinguish with other farmers. According to Hapsari et al (2019), despite being in the same residential and cultural environment, the characteristics of each farmer are very diverse, known from the age group of the head of the family, the level of education of the head of the family, the main profession of the family and the extent of land ownership.…”