Karaya root saponin exerts a hypocholesterolemic response in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet

Afrose, Sadia; Hossain, Mahboob; Maki, Takaaki; Tsujii, Hirotada

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2009.05.008

Cited by 42 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…capsulatus 0.4 g produces a significantly greater decrease in serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol than saponin alone. A similar magnitude of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol reduction in rats (Afrose et al, 2009a) and laying hens (Afrose et al, 2009b) by karaya saponin was observed in our previous studies. Behall et al (1984) pointed out that when a comparison of karaya gum with carboxymethycellulose gum or locust bean gum as hypocholesterolemic agents was made in human beings, karaya gum showed a similar function to that seen in our study in reducing cholesterol, triglycerides and LDLcholesterol.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Recently, we conducted a study to compare different kinds of saponins as a hypocholesterolemic agent in rats. It was observed that karaya saponin was the best hypocholesterolemic substrate, which decreased serum cholesterol concentration in rats by 34% while a less than 20% reduction was obtained with tea, quillaja or soyabean saponins (Afrose et al, 2009a). In our other study, karaya saponin successfully reduced serum (23%) and egg yolk cholesterol (15%) in laying hens, in a time-dependant manner (Afrose et al, 2009b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, and glucose concentrations in serum were determined enzymatically using commercially available reagent kits, (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) as described previously (Afrose et al, 2009a). Cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in total lipid extracts obtained from liver and muscle (thigh and breast) samples were determined using the same reagent kits as those used for serum analysis.…”

Section: Enzymatic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypocholesterolemic Response to Karaya Saponin and Rhodobacter capsulatus in Broiler Chickens

Afrose¹,

Hossain²,

Maki³

et al. 2010

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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:Dietary karaya saponin and Rhodobacter capsulatus (R. capsulatus) are known to have hypocholesterolemic actions, as reported in our previous studies. This study examined possible synergistic hypocholesterolemic effects of karaya saponin and R. capsulatus in broilers. A total of 150 broilers were allocated into 10 treatments: control, saponin 25 mg, saponin 50 mg, saponin 75 mg, saponin 25 mg+R. capsulatus 0.2 g, saponin 25 mg+R. capsulatus 0.4 g, saponin 50 mg+R. capsulatus 0.2 g, saponin 50 mg+R. capsulatus 0.4 g, saponin 75 mg+R. capsulatus 0.2 g and saponin 75 mg+R. capsulatus 0.4 g. Feed intake and feed efficiency were improved when karaya saponin and R. capsulatus were synergistically supplemented in the diet. Combinations of karaya saponin, especially supplementation of karaya saponin 50 mg+R. capsulatus 0.4 g were shown to have potential hypolipidemic actions in breast and thigh muscle cholesterol and triglycerides, serum cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides, as well as improved high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (p<0.05). Compared to the control, almost all the treatments significantly increased serum, liver and fecal concentrations of bile acids (p<0.05). Supplementation of both karaya saponin (75 mg) and saponin 50 mg+R. capsulatus 0.4 g reduced palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) in a similar fashion (p<0.05). The ratios of PUFA:SFA or PUFA+MUFA:SFA in the thigh and breast muscle of broilers were greater in karaya saponin and R. capsulatus supplemented groups than in the control group. Thus, our study concluded that supplementation of karaya saponin synergistically with R. capsulatus in the diet of broilers is an effective way to obtain low-cholesterol, low-triglyceride and high HDL-cholesterol enriched poultry meat with a unique fatty acid balance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Enzymatic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hypocholesterolemic Response to Karaya Saponin and Rhodobacter capsulatus in Broiler Chickens

Afrose¹,

Hossain²,

Maki³

et al. 2010

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

Self Cite

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“…In a different anti-diabetic assay model, betulinic acid was found to increase glucose uptake and enhanced glycogen synthesis 14 . It is proposed that a steroid nucleus is important for a high hypoglycemic effect and possibly conditioning the high degree of lipophilicity 15 and they exhibit anti-diabetic properties with relatively low toxicity 16,17 . According to Li et al 18 , the mechanism of action of terpenoids and steroids in in-vivo studies might occur through stimulation of pancreatic islets leading to an increase in insulininduced glucose uptake.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitory and antiplasmodial properties of terpenoids from the leaves ofBuddleja salignaWilld

Chukwujekwu

Rengasamy

Kock

et al. 2015

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry

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In our continuing search for biologically active natural product(s) of plant origin, Buddleja saligna, a South African medicinal plant, was screened in line with its traditional use for antidiabetic (yeast alpha glucosidase inhibitory) and antiplasmodial (against a chloroquine sensitive strain of Plasmodium falciparum (NF54)) activities. The hexane fraction showed the most promising activity with regards to its antidiabetic (IC 50 ¼ 260 ± 0.112 mg/ml) and antiplasmodial (IC 50 ¼ 8.5 ± 1.6 mg/ml) activities. Using activity guided fractionation three known terpenoids (betulonic acid, betulone and spinasterol) were isolated from this species for the first time. The compounds displayed varying levels of biological activities (antidiabetic: 27.31 mg/ml ! IC 50 ! 5.6 mg/ml; antiplasmodial: 14 mg/ml ! IC 50 ! 2 mg/ml) with very minimal toxicity.

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“…Some studies have indicated that fenugreek seeds have hypocholesterolemic activity, which may reduce the risk of heart disease (Sharma et al, 1991;Khosla et al, 1995). Saponins, which are a major active constituent of the fenugreek seeds, have beneficial effects on blood cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in rats, rabbits, and humans (Morehouse et al, 1999;Sowmya and Rajyalakshmi, 1999;Afrose et al, 2009). Additionally, non-starch polysaccharides, which provide the major soluble fiber content in fenugreek seeds, include galactomannan (Brummer et al, 2003), which has been reported to reduce blood lipids (Yamamoto et al, 2000;Srichamroen et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Egg Production, Egg Quality, Blood Profiles, Cecal Microflora, and Excreta Noxious Gas Emission in Laying Hens Fed withFenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> L.) Seed Extract

Park

Kim

2018

Jpn. Poult. Sci.

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This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary fenugreek seed extract (FSE) supplementation on egg production, egg quality, blood profiles, cecal microflora, and excreta noxious gas emission in laying hens. A total of 384 laying hens (26-weeks old, Hyline-brown) were fed three different levels of FSE (0, 0.05, and 0.1%) in a cornsoybean diet for 6 weeks. The inclusion of FSE in the laying hen diet did not affect egg production, feed intake, or feed conversion among treatments; however, egg weight, eggshell breaking strength, eggshell thickness, and yolk color increased in FSE-fed groups (linear, P＜0.05). Supplemental FSE decreased the serum total cholesterol concentration, whereas the HDL-cholesterol concentration increased in the FSE fed-groups (linear, P＜0.05). FSE led to an increase in cecal Lactobacillus number (linear, P＜0.05), and a decrease in Escherichia coli number (quadratic, P ＜0.05) and excreta ammonia gas emission (linear, P＜0.05). These results suggest that the addition of FSE does not increase egg production, but may affect egg quality, serum total-and HDL-cholesterol concentration, and cecal microflora. FSE also decreased ammonia gas emission in laying hen excreta.

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Karaya root saponin exerts a hypocholesterolemic response in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet

Cited by 42 publications

References 24 publications

Hypocholesterolemic Response to Karaya Saponin and Rhodobacter capsulatus in Broiler Chickens

Hypocholesterolemic Response to Karaya Saponin and Rhodobacter capsulatus in Broiler Chickens

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitory and antiplasmodial properties of terpenoids from the leaves ofBuddleja salignaWilld

Egg Production, Egg Quality, Blood Profiles, Cecal Microflora, and Excreta Noxious Gas Emission in Laying Hens Fed withFenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> L.) Seed Extract

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