IntroductionArtemisia L. is the largest genus of small herbs and shrubs belonging to the family Asteraceae. It comprises over 500 species, which are mainly found in Asia, Europe, and North America (Bora and Sharma, 2011). Asia has the greatest concentration of species and there are 35 species of this genus in Iran (Abad et al., 2012), some of which are endemic to Iran, e.g., A. khorassanica. Data about karyotypes can be helpful in species recognition and analysis of hybrid populations in genetic and breeding studies (Anjali and Srivastava, 2012). The genus Artemisia has two basic chromosome numbers of x = 9, present in all the subgenera, and the less frequent x = 8, present in some subgenera (Oliva and Vallès, 1994;McArthur and Sanderson, 1999;Dolatyari et al., 2013). The reason for this descending dysploidy, reducing the basic chromosome number from x = 9 to 8, may have been a centric Robertsonian chromosome fusion, as is widely accepted (Vallès and Siljak-Yakovlev, 1997;Pellicer et al., 2011). Moreover, a basic number of x = 7 was previously reported for Artemisia pattersonii by Wiens and Richter (1966). Flow cytometry is known as the most reliable and quick method for estimating the genome size (2C DNA) for a wide range of plant communities (