Karyotypes of Brugia pahangi and Brugia malayi (Nematoda: Filarioidea)

Sakaguchi, Y.; Tada, Isao; Ash, Lawrence R.; Aoki, Yoshiki

doi:10.2307/3280871

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Our data do not allow us to rule out possible mechanisms of transcellular invasion from neighboring tissues to non-infected germ cells at later stages, or later loss of Wolbachia in the male germline when Wolbachia are initially observed in the germline precursors. In Brugia , sex determination if of XX/XY type, and males possess a heterogametic pair of chromosomes [47]. Wolbachia may sense the gender of the embryo prior to the establishment of the P4 blastomere.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetric Wolbachia Segregation during Early Brugia malayi Embryogenesis Determines Its Distribution in Adult Host Tissues

et al. 2010

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Wolbachia are required for filarial nematode survival and fertility and contribute to the immune responses associated with human filarial diseases. Here we developed whole-mount immunofluorescence techniques to characterize Wolbachia somatic and germline transmission patterns and tissue distribution in Brugia malayi, a nematode responsible for lymphatic filariasis. In the initial embryonic divisions, Wolbachia segregate asymmetrically such that they occupy only a small subset of cells in the developing embryo, facilitating their concentration in the adult hypodermal chords and female germline. Wolbachia are not found in male reproductive tissues and the absence of Wolbachia from embryonic germline precursors in half of the embryos indicates Wolbachia loss from the male germline may occur in early embryogenesis. Wolbachia rely on fusion of hypodermal cells to populate adult chords. Finally, we detect Wolbachia in the secretory canal lumen suggesting living worms may release bacteria and/or their products into their host.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetric Wolbachia Segregation during Early Brugia malayi Embryogenesis Determines Its Distribution in Adult Host Tissues

et al. 2010

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“…The B. malayi nuclear genome, estimated to be 95 Mb, is organized on five chromosome pairs including an XY sex determination pair (10). A majority of filarial species, including B. malayi , also harbor two additional genomes – a 14 Kb mitochondrial genome and a 1 Mb genome of a bacterial endosymbiont ( w Bm) (11).…”

Section: The Genome – Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genome of Brugia malayi — All worms are not created equal

Scott

Ghedin

2009

Parasitology International

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Filarial nematode parasites, the causative agents of elephantiasis and river blindness, undermine the livelihoods of over one hundred millions people in the developing world. Recently, the Filarial Genome Project reported the draft sequence of the ~95 Mb genome of the human filarial parasite Brugia malayi - the first parasitic nematode genome to be sequenced. Comparative genome analysis with the prevailing model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans revealed similarities and differences in genome structure and organization that will prove useful as additional nematode genomes are completed. The Brugia genome provides the first opportunity to comprehensively compare the full gene repertoire of a free-living nematode species and one that has evolved as a human pathogen. The Brugia genome also provides an opportunity to gain insight into genetic basis for mutualism, as Brugia, like a majority of filarial species, harbors an endosybiotic bacterium (Wolbachia). The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the results of genomic analysis and how these observations provide new insights into the biology of filarial species.

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“…Moreover, differences in chromosome size, shape, centromere position and banding pattern allow the individual chromosomes to be identified, facilitating karyotype analysis (56,57) and allowing probes to be mapped onto chromosome spreads by fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) (although currently only for large fragment probes). Moreover, differences in chromosome size, shape, centromere position and banding pattern allow the individual chromosomes to be identified, facilitating karyotype analysis (56,57) and allowing probes to be mapped onto chromosome spreads by fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) (although currently only for large fragment probes).…”

Section: Genome Organization In the Helminth Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomics and the biology of parasites

et al. 1999

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Despite the advances of modern medicine, the threat of chronic illness, disfigurement, or death that can result from parasitic infection still affects the majority of the world population, retarding economic development. For most parasitic diseases, current therapeutics often leave much to be desired in terms of administration regime, toxicity, or effectiveness and potential vaccines are a long way from market. Our best prospects for identifying new targets for drug, vaccine, and diagnostics development and for dissecting the biological basis of drug resistance, antigenic diversity, infectivity and pathology lie in parasite genome analysis, and international mapping and gene discovery initiatives are under way for a variety of protozoan and helminth parasites. These are far from ideal experimental organisms, and the influence of biological and genomic characteristics on experimental approaches is discussed, progress is reviewed and future prospects are examined. BioEssays 1999;21:131–147. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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Karyotypes of Brugia pahangi and Brugia malayi (Nematoda: Filarioidea)

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Asymmetric Wolbachia Segregation during Early Brugia malayi Embryogenesis Determines Its Distribution in Adult Host Tissues

Asymmetric Wolbachia Segregation during Early Brugia malayi Embryogenesis Determines Its Distribution in Adult Host Tissues

The genome of Brugia malayi — All worms are not created equal

Genomics and the biology of parasites

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