Karyotypic Diversification in Two <i>Megaleporinus</i> Species (Characiformes, Anostomidae) Inferred from <i>In Situ</i> Localization of Repetitive DNA Sequences

Dulz, Thais Aparecida; Azambuja, Matheus; Nascimento, Viviane Demetrio; Lorscheider, Carla Andrea; Noleto, Rafael Bueno; Moreira‐Filho, Orlando; Nogaroto, Viviane; Diniz, Débora; Affonso, Paulo Roberto Antunes de Mello; Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo

doi:10.1089/zeb.2020.1918

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…On the other hand, snDNA gene mapping has shown variations in the number of sites in other loricariids, as observed in Peckoltia species (Hypostominae, Peckoltia clade), where single and multiple U1 snDNA sites occur between different species [ 10 ]. Thus, although the in situ locations of these sequences may indicate stability at the chromosomal level, chromosomal and molecular diversity has been observed for this group for repetitive sequences in the genomes of different fish species [ 18 , 52 , 53 ]. Therefore, analyzing the in situ locations of other snDNA genes, as well as the molecular diversity of this gene family in the genomes of Pseudacanthicus species, may reveal important mechanisms of chromosomal diversification involving this group of repetitive sequences in this group of fish.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosomal Diversification in Pseudacanthicus Species (Loricariidae, Hypostominae) Revealed by Comparative Mapping of Repetitive Sequences

Silva

Souza

Rodrigues

et al. 2022

Animals

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Pseudacanthicus is a genus of Neotropical fish with eight valid species, in addition to numerous lineages not formally identified. It occurs along the Amazon and Tocantins River basins, in Suriname and in the Guiana shield. There are no karyotypic data in the literature for species of this genus. Here, the karyotypes of three Pseudacanthicus species (P. spinosus, P. leopardus and Pseudacanthicus sp.) were comparatively analyzed by classical cytogenetics and fluorescence in situ hybridization using 18S and 5S rDNA probes, U2 snDNA and telomeric sequences. The analyzed species presented 52 chromosomes and KF = 18 m + 34 sm. Constitutive heterochromatin occurred in blocks on a few chromosomes. The 18S rDNA occurred in a single pair; interestingly, P. leopardus presented only one locus of this sequence in its diploid genome. The 5S rDNA sequence occurred in only one pair in P. leopardus, and in multiple sites in Pseudacanthicus sp. and P. spinosus. The snDNA U2 occurred in only one pair in all analyzed species. Telomeric sequences did not show interstitial sites. Although Pseudacanthicus species share the same 2n and KF, repetitive sequence analysis revealed karyotypic diversity among these species. The occurrence of DNA double-strand breaks related to fragile sites, unequal crossing over and transpositions is proposed as the mechanism of karyotypic diversification, suggesting that the conservation of the karyotypic macrostructure is only apparent in this group of fish.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosomal Diversification in Pseudacanthicus Species (Loricariidae, Hypostominae) Revealed by Comparative Mapping of Repetitive Sequences

Silva

Souza

Rodrigues

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…These data indicate that these gene families can be equally dynamic in the genomes of species of Peckoltia. Several chromosomal sites of rDNA and snDNA sequences are observed in different groups of fish, such as species of the Loricariidae, Cichlidae and Anostomidae families; the emergence of new chromosomal sites is related to the association of these sequences with active mobile elements in these organisms (Kapitonov and Jurka, 2006;Cabral-de-Melo et al, 2012;Dulz et al, 2020). Future analyzes of rDNA and snDNA nucleotide sequences will be essential to verify the possible involvement of transposable elements in the movement of these sequences in the genomes of Peckoltia species.…”

Section: Karyotype Diversity In Peckoltiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small nuclear RNA genes (snDNA) represent another multigene family involved in the splicing and maturation process of messenger RNA encoded by the U1, U2, U4, U5 and U6 snRNA genes (Busch et al, 1982). The snDNA sequences have been used as chromosomal markers for detailed comparative chromosome analysis in several groups of organisms, including fish, reptiles and arthropods (Cabralde-Melo et al, 2012;Almeida et al, 2017;Cavalcante et al, 2020;Dulz et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Cytogenetics Analysis Among Peckoltia Species (Siluriformes, Loricariidae): Insights on Karyotype Evolution and Biogeography in the Amazon Region

Silva

Souza²,

Pety

et al. 2021

Front. Genet.

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Peckoltia is widely distributed genus in the Amazon and Orinoco basins and the Guiana Shield, containing 18 valid species, and distinct morphotypes still needing description in the scientific literature due to its great taxonomic complexity. This study performed a comparative chromosomal analysis of two undescribed Peckoltia species (Peckoltia sp. 3 Jarumã and Peckoltia sp. 4 Caripetuba) from the Brazilian Amazon using conventional chromosome bands methods and in situ localization of the repetitive DNA (5S and 18S rRNA and U1 snRNA genes and telomeric sequences). Both species presented 2n = 52 but differed in their karyotype formula, probably due to inversions or translocations. The nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) showed distal location on a probably homeologous submetacentric pair in both species, besides an extra signal in a subtelocentric chromosome in Peckoltia sp. 4 Caripetuba. Heterochromatin occurred in large blocks, with different distributions in the species. The mapping of the 18S and 5S rDNA, and U1 snDNA showed differences in locations and number of sites. No interstitial telomeric sites were detected using the (TTAGGG)n probes. Despite 2n conservationism in Peckoltia species, the results showed variation in karyotype formulas, chromosomal bands, and locations of repetitive sites, demonstrating great chromosomal diversity. A proposal for Peckoltia karyotype evolution was inferred in this study based on the diversity of location and number of chromosomal markers analyzed. A comparative analysis with other Peckoltia karyotypes described in the literature, their biogeography patterns, and molecular phylogeny led to the hypothesis that the derived karyotype was raised in the left bank of the Amazon River.

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“…Microsatellite (CA) 15 and (GA) 15 probes marked the terminal region of both arms in most of the chromosomes in both species, a pattern that is observed in the autosomes of species with sex chromosome systems, whereas the heteromorphic sex chromosomes have specific accumulation patterns of distinct repetitive DNA classes (Parise-Maltempi et al 2007;Cioffi et al 2012;Marreta et al 2012;Poltronieri et al 2014;Utsunomia et al 2019;Dulz et al 2020). The differential interstitial markings, observed in both male and female chromosome complements, can be used as an additional cytotaxonomic marker to distinguish H. copelandii from H. steindachneri (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cytogenetic analysis of Hypomasticus copelandii and H. steindachneri: relevance of cytotaxonomic markers in the Anostomidae family (Characiformes)

Salgado¹,

Cunha²,

Melo³

et al. 2021

CCG

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Recent phylogenetic hypotheses within Anostomidae, based on morphological and molecular data, resulted in the description of new genera (Megaleporinus Ramirez, Birindelli et Galetti, 2017) and the synonymization of others, such as the reallocation of Leporinus copelandii Steindachner, 1875 and Leporinus steindachneri Eigenmann, 1907 to Hypomasticus Borodin, 1929. Despite high levels of conservatism of the chromosomal macrostructure in this family, species groups have been corroborated using banding patterns and the presence of different sex chromosome systems. Due to the absence of cytogenetic studies in H. copelandii (Steindachner, 1875) and H. steindachneri (Eigenmann, 1907), the goal of this study was to characterize their karyotypes and investigate the presence/absence of sex chromosome systems using different repetitive DNA probes. Cytogenetic techniques included: Giemsa staining, Ag-NOR banding and FISH using 18S and 5S rDNA probes, as well as microsatellite probes (CA)15 and (GA)15. Both species had 2n = 54, absence of heteromorphic sex chromosomes, one chromosome pair bearing Ag-NOR, 18S and 5S rDNA regions. The (CA)15 and (GA)15 probes marked mainly the subtelomeric regions of all chromosomes and were useful as species-specific chromosomal markers. Our results underline that chromosomal macrostructure is congruent with higher systematic arrangements in Anostomidae, while microsatellite probes are informative about autapomorphic differences between species.

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Karyotypic Diversification in Two Megaleporinus Species (Characiformes, Anostomidae) Inferred from In Situ Localization of Repetitive DNA Sequences

Cited by 8 publications

References 63 publications

Chromosomal Diversification in Pseudacanthicus Species (Loricariidae, Hypostominae) Revealed by Comparative Mapping of Repetitive Sequences

Chromosomal Diversification in Pseudacanthicus Species (Loricariidae, Hypostominae) Revealed by Comparative Mapping of Repetitive Sequences

Comparative Cytogenetics Analysis Among Peckoltia Species (Siluriformes, Loricariidae): Insights on Karyotype Evolution and Biogeography in the Amazon Region

Cytogenetic analysis of Hypomasticus copelandii and H. steindachneri: relevance of cytotaxonomic markers in the Anostomidae family (Characiformes)

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