Keeping it Ethically Real

Ho, Dien

doi:10.1093/jmp/jhw010

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…But even consensus is unnecessary for a position to be become default. Dien Ho (2016) argues that the "Default Principle" operates in clinical ethics and represents a tool for deliberation. The principle, according to Ho, justifies the clinical ethicist in issuing recommendations, even if moral anti-realism or moral skepticism are true.…”

Section: What They Arementioning

confidence: 99%

Default Positions in Clinical Ethics

Crutchfield,

Gibb,

Redinger

2023

The Journal of Clinical Ethics

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Default positions, predetermined starting points that aide in complex decision-making, are common in clinical medicine. In this paper, we identify and critically examine common default positions in clinical ethics practice. Whether default positions ought to be held is an important normative question, but here we are primarily interested in the descriptive, rather than normative, properties of default positions. We argue that default positions in clinical ethics function to protect and promote important values in medicine-respect for persons, utility, and justice. Further, default positions in clinical ethics may also guard against harm. Where default positions exist, there are epistemic burdens to overturn them. The person wishing to reject the default position, rather than the person endorsing it, bears this burden. The person who bears the burden of meeting the epistemic requirements must provide evidence proportional to the degree of harm the default position protects against. Default positions that protect against significant harm impose significant epistemic requirements to overturn. This asymmetry not only makes medical decision-making more economical, but it also serves to promote and protect certain values. The identification and analysis of common and recognizable default positions can help to identify other default positions and the Penultimate draft forthcoming in Journal of Clinical Ethics. Please cite final version 2 conditions under which their associated epistemic requirements are met. The paper concludes with considerations of potential problems with the use of default positions in clinical ethics.

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Section: What They Arementioning

confidence: 99%

Default Positions in Clinical Ethics

Crutchfield,

Gibb,

Redinger

2023

The Journal of Clinical Ethics

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“…One drawback of relying on an ethics coordinator involves what it means to be an 'ethics expert' and how the ethics coordinator is appointed by an organization. The skillset required to be considered an 'ethics expert' has historically been ambiguously defined and an ongoing debate centers around whether ethics expertise can exist in healthcare settings (e.g., Brummett & Ostertag, 2018;Ho, 2016;Iltis & Rasmussen, 2016;McClimans & Slowther, 2016;Rasmussen, 2016;Rhodes, 2019). Restated as questions, how do we know someone is qualified to be the ethics coordinator?…”

Section: Systems To Aid Ethical Decision-makingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Guide to Establishing Ethics Committees in Behavioral Health Settings

Cox

2020

Behav Analysis Practice

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Ethical statements typically involve rules. All rules can vary in accuracy and specificity depending on the context to which they are applied. Codes of ethics often involve ethical rules that are written generally to cover the wide-ranging set of possible situations any one member of the profession may encounter. But, despite being written generally, codes of ethics are applied to specific situations that professional members encounter. The application of general rules to specific contexts can sometimes be challenging and complex. Healthcare organizations have several options to help their employees behave ethically. One approach is to appoint a single ethics coordinator (Brodhead & Higbee, 2012). In contrast, the dominant approach in most healthcare organizations is to develop an organizational ethics committee (Moon, 2009). Despite the popularity of the ethics committee in other professions, it is unknown the extent to which organizations that provide ABA services have established and operate ethics committees. Ethics coordinator roles and ethics committees each have benefits and drawbacks. This article reviews the benefits and drawbacks of appointing an ethics coordinator and establishing an ethics committee. And, for interested organizations, this article outlines the steps and considerations that organizations can use to guide the creation of an ethics committee.

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“…In such situations, one might ask what, if anything, makes the consultant's recommendation more compelling than anyone else's? As Dien Ho puts it, what accounts for the epistemic asymmetry between an expert and a layperson (or one expert and another) (Ho, 2016)? Put this way, what is desired is a means of adjudicating between two incompatible recommendations or of identifying a legitimate versus an illegitimate recommendation.…”

Section: Clinical Ethics Consultation and The Need For Standards mentioning

confidence: 99%