Keloids: A viral hypothesis

Alonso, Pedro E.; Rioja, Luis F.; Pera, C

doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2007.03.023

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The exact pathogenesis of keloids has not yet been determined (4), a fact that attracted the interest of numerous scholars and led to various hypotheses (5)(6)(7)(8). However, thus far no hypothesis has provided sufficient explanation of the clinicopathological characteristics of keloids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upregulation of proinflammatory genes in skin lesions may be the cause of keloid formation (Review)

2013

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Abstract. It was previously demonstrated that the main cause behind keloid formation may be keloid fibroblast abnormalities, which are closely associated with the microenvironment of the keloid lesion. The post-traumatic and chronic inflammation of the keloid lesion area suggest that inflammatory mediators play an important role in the keloid microenvironment and are crucial for keloid fibroblast abnormalities. In this study, we hypothesized that the mechanism underlying keloid formation may involve the continuous upregulation of proinflammatory gene expression in keloid lesions. This hypothesis may explain the inflammatory response, invasive growth and recurrence following resection of keloids, as well as the selective localization of keloids in specific parts of a patient's body and the differences in localization among different patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upregulation of proinflammatory genes in skin lesions may be the cause of keloid formation (Review)

2013

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“…Infected fibroblasts may produce abnormal levels of collagen and other substances or have impaired apoptosis pathways. 15 Some external stimuli may provoke latent viral activation. Another possibility is indolent stimulation of antigen remaining in the stroma after surface ablation by Mycobacterium species or fungi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent Corneal Hypertrophic Scar After Laser-Assisted Subepithelial Keratectomy With Mitomycin C Treatment

Kim

et al. 2011

Cornea

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“…1,2 This is because many other factors, including bacterial, fungal, or viral infection, make it difficult to understand the mechanisms of fibroproliferative disorders generation solely on the basis of the previous operative history. 9,10 Simple surgical excision is usually followed by recurrence unless adjunct therapies are employed. 11 Infection may delay or impede healing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual and Pathologic Analyses of Keloid Growth Patterns

Akaishi

Ogawa

2010

Annals of Plastic Surgery

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Keloids grow and spread not only vertically but also horizontally, although hypertrophic scars do not grow beyond the boundaries of the original injury. Clinically, we have encountered keloids with regular and irregular (untypical) shapes. As the characteristics of the irregular growth patterns of keloids have not been studied yet, we analyzed the irregular growth of keloids both visually and pathologically.A total of 220 keloid specimens, each from a different patient, were surgically removed and used in this study. Through visual analysis, the preoperative shapes of these 220 keloids were classified into those with a regular shape (R group) and those with an irregular shape (IR group). Moreover, we distinguished between cases that had received keloidectomy previously and those that had not. We also determined whether the keloids were recurrent keloids or not. In both the R and IR groups, keloid specimens were studied histologically to examine for infection.In the R group, there were 156 cases (70.9%; 55 males and 101 females with a mean age of 33.68 years). Three patients (1.9%) had infection and 2 patients (1.3%) had undergone keloidectomy previously. In the IR group, there were 64 cases (29.1%; 24 males and 40 females with a mean age of 45.27 years). Thirty patients (46.9%) had infection and 24 patients (37.5%) had undergone keloidectomy previously. Statistically, the rates of infection and keloidectomy were significantly different between the R group and the IR group.Severe infection or operative history may be the cause of irregularly shaped keloids. Thus, in the absence of significant infection or a surgical history, the shape of keloids may be determined uniquely by skin tension.

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Keloids: A viral hypothesis

Cited by 29 publications

References 72 publications

Upregulation of proinflammatory genes in skin lesions may be the cause of keloid formation (Review)

Upregulation of proinflammatory genes in skin lesions may be the cause of keloid formation (Review)

Recurrent Corneal Hypertrophic Scar After Laser-Assisted Subepithelial Keratectomy With Mitomycin C Treatment

Visual and Pathologic Analyses of Keloid Growth Patterns

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