Keloids: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, and Management

Chike-Obi, Chuma J.; Cole, Patrick; Brissett, Anthony E.

doi:10.1055/s-0029-1224797

Cited by 179 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…They also inhibit collagen synthesis and reduce excessive scarring [19,28]. Corticosteroids, used intralesionally, decrease inflammation and increase vasoconstriction in the scar tissue [6,7,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to pain and itching, keloids also cause functional and aesthetic impairment. Left untreated, they may cause substantial long-term morbidity and emotional stress [2,[6][7][8]. It has been estimated that in the year 2000, 11 million people were affected by keloids in the developed world alone [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are known local side effects related to the TAC injections, such as atrophy of the skin and the subcutaneous tissue; telangiectasia; and pigmentation changes [7,18,24]. It has previously been reported that although these effects may occur frequently, they are usually resolved without intervention [14,18,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-Term Results of Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide Injections in Keloid Treatment

Hietanen¹,

Välisuo²

2016

J Clin Trials

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-Term Results of Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide Injections in Keloid Treatment

Hietanen¹,

Välisuo²

2016

J Clin Trials

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“…Doctors also perform plastic surgeries which reduce skin tension and use self-absorbing stitches. After the surgery the incision area should be properly taken care of [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Prophylactic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keloids: current prophylactic and therapeutic methods

Bienias¹,

Kaszuba²

2012

pdia

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A b s t r a c tProphylaxis and therapy of keloids present a big challenge for medicine, despite the increasing knowledge about their pathogenesis. There are a lot of therapeutic methods but their effectiveness is still limited and unsatisfactory. These methods are divided into surgical, pharmacological and physical ones as well as the most frequently applied combined therapy, which is the most effective one. A surgical way of removing keloids is becoming less common and the method of intralesional application of steroids still remains the treatment of choice. In addition to the above there are cryotherapy, laser therapy, pressure therapy, X-ray irradiation and silicone products in a form of gels and dressings. Relatively new methods are intralesional injections of verapamil and 5-fluorouracil. Enalapril and troglitazone, which are currently used in the treatment of hypertension and diabetes, are expected to be of use as well. Biological drugs like monoclonal antibodies against tumor growth factor (TGF)-β1, TGF-β2 and vascular endothelial growth factor and analogues of TGF-β3 are also potential solutions in the treatment of keloids. Further studies on the treatment of keloids should result in more efficient therapies. K Ke ey y w wo or rd ds s: :

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“…Keloids can develop at every age, but they have a higher incidence between 10 and 30 years (1,3). A slight female predominance is also noted, but this could be related to the higher rate of earlobe piercing in females (3,5). The incidence rates of hypertrophic scarring vary from 40% to 70% following surgery to up to 91% following burn injuries (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic association of the COL1A1 gene promoter –1997 G/T (rs1107946) andSp1 +1245 G/T (rs1800012) polymorphisms and keloid scars in a Jeddah population

Linjawi¹,

Tork²,

Shabiah³

2016

Turk J Med Sci

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IntroductionKeloid scars are benign fibroproliferative cutaneous lesions resulting from the overproduction of all components of the healing process, including fibroblasts, collagen, elastin, and proteoglycans; they can occur following burn injuries, lacerations, abrasions, surgery, piercings, vaccinations, and even minor skin trauma. They are unique in humans, and especially in genetically susceptible individuals from nonwhite populations (1-3). It has been estimated that about 15%-20% of Blacks, Hispanics, and Orientals suffer from keloids and there appears to be a genetic predisposition to keloid formation (4). Keloids can develop at every age, but they have a higher incidence between 10 and 30 years (1,3). A slight female predominance is also noted, but this could be related to the higher rate of earlobe piercing in females (3,5). The incidence rates of hypertrophic scarring vary from 40% to 70% following surgery to up to 91% following burn injuries (4). The alterations responsible for keloid formation are still unknown, but it is thought that Background/aim: Scars develop at the end of the natural wound-healing process and are characterized by excessive collagen deposition, particularly types I and III collagen. This study aimed to investigate the genetic association of COL1A1 −1997 G/T (rs1107946) and COL1A1 Sp1 +1245 G/T (rs1800012) polymorphisms with the incidence of scars. Materials and methods:A case-control association study was conducted with 84 volunteers from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (47 patients and 37 controls). The allele frequency distribution and nucleotide genotypes of −1997 G/T, +1245 G/T were ascertained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis.Results: Our results indicated that the distribution of COL1A1 (rs1107946) genotypes was significantly different between patients and controls (P = 0.00). The incidence of COL1A1 (rs1107946) genotype GG was significantly associated with a risk of scars. The distribution of the (rs1107946) genotype was drastically higher in women with scars (P= 0.00). One haplotype block in COL1A1 was documented by the pair-wise linkage disequilibrium between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The frequency of the GG haplotype constructed by the two SNPs was robustly high and associated with risk of scars. Conclusion:Our results strengthen the evidence for the association between polymorphisms of −1997 G/T, +1245 G/T of the COL1A1 gene in the genetic etiology of keloid scars.

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Keloids: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, and Management

Cited by 179 publications

References 63 publications

Long-Term Results of Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide Injections in Keloid Treatment

Long-Term Results of Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide Injections in Keloid Treatment

Keloids: current prophylactic and therapeutic methods

Genetic association of the COL1A1 gene promoter –1997 G/T (rs1107946) andSp1 +1245 G/T (rs1800012) polymorphisms and keloid scars in a Jeddah population

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