Keratin as a filler for carboxylated acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber XNBR

Prochoń, Mirosława; Przepiórkowska, A.; Zaborski, Marian

doi:10.1002/app.26324

Cited by 27 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The authors ascribed these improvements to the formation of ionic bonds, and reinforcement in the covalent crosslinking since the keratin promotes mono-and disulfide bonds, which are more stable than the polysulfide bonds in standard vulcanizates. Moreover, they suggest that since the keratin filled composites have their water adsorption increased over time, also increasing electric conductance, they would be biodegradable after their use is expired (however, no biodegradability test was provided) [217]. They also observed similar results for systems with hair keratin and zinc oxide associated with styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), describing improved resistance to thermooxidative aging, thermal and mechanical properties, and decreased flammability [218] and with nitrile-butadiene rubber and modified montmorillonite clay (MMC), observing increased water adsorption and thermal stability, and flammability decreased, proportionally, with increasing the keratin amount, while the mechanical properties were more dependent on the MMC amount [219].…”

Section: Butadiene Copolymer Rubbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keratin Associations with Synthetic, Biosynthetic and Natural Polymers: An Extensive Review

Donato

Mija

2019

Polymers

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Among the biopolymers from animal sources, keratin is one the most abundant, with a major contribution from side stream products from cattle, ovine and poultry industry, offering many opportunities to produce cost-effective and sustainable advanced materials. Although many reviews have discussed the application of keratin in polymer-based biomaterials, little attention has been paid to its potential in association with other polymer matrices. Thus, herein, we present an extensive literature review summarizing keratin’s compatibility with other synthetic, biosynthetic and natural polymers, and its effect on the materials’ final properties in a myriad of applications. First, we revise the historical context of keratin use, describe its structure, chemical toolset and methods of extraction, overview and differentiate keratins obtained from different sources, highlight the main areas where keratin associations have been applied, and describe the possibilities offered by its chemical toolset. Finally, we contextualize keratin’s potential for addressing current issues in materials sciences, focusing on the effect of keratin when associated to other polymers’ matrices from biomedical to engineering applications, and beyond.

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Section: Butadiene Copolymer Rubbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keratin Associations with Synthetic, Biosynthetic and Natural Polymers: An Extensive Review

Donato

Mija

2019

Polymers

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“…It has been shown that blending protein with zinc oxide provides for a decrease of particle size, which in turn provides for a better dispersion of the protein in the elastomeric matrix [12]. The blend was prepared by manually mixing powdered WPFF with zinc oxide in a 1 to 1 ratio.…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Waste Fodder Potato Proteins on the Mechanical Properties of Carboxylated Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber

Prochoń

Przepiórkowska

Ntumba

2012

ISRN Polymer Science

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The current investigation treats about the influence of waste fodder potato proteins (WFPP) recovered from the starch industry on the mechanical-properties of carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (XNBR). WFPP were characterized and used as a filler of the above mentioned XNBR rubber without or after blending with zinc oxide. The obtained rubber compounds were cured, and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, hardness, and cross-linking density were investigated. It was found that the introduction of WFPP previously blended with zinc oxide into rubber compound increases the cross-linking density of the obtained composites, compared with the vulcanizate without protein, which in turn increases the mechanical properties of the obtained vulcanizates. That occurs thanks to the formation of ion nodes, as testified by equilibrium swelling. The introduction of WFPP into the elastomer matrix also increases the susceptibility of the elastomer to biodecomposition.

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“…We deal with all kinds of biopolymers since 2002. The biopolimers which we are using in our investigations are keratin, collagen wastes of tanning industry, as well as bird feathers or potato protein which also are waste [5][6][7]. A small part of waste, from tannery or poultry industry, is used to produce, for example biogas or harmful animal feed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of modified biopolymers on thermal properties and biodegradation processes of carboxylated nitrile-butadiene (XNBR) nanocomposities

Prochoń

2020

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The presented study includes a comparison of the effect of fillers used in carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber XNBR on the properties of the obtained polymer materials. Fillers used in this study originated from the tanning industry waste: cattle hair keratin, enzymatic hydrolyzate of cattle hair keratin and condensate of enzymatic hydrolyzate of cattle hair keratin. The use of commonly found in nature phyllosilicates allows to obtain nanocomposites. That is why in the presented study we used different mass fraction of layered silicate-montmorillonite. The dispersion of silicates in polymer matrices can be influenced by their physical and chemical modifications that lead to changes in the properties of the polymer matrices themselves. In the presented study the kinetics of vulcanization of elastomer blends was investigated, and the obtained XNBR rubber vulcanizates were analyzed for mechanical, optical, rheological, thermal analysis and their resistance to accelerated thermo-oxidative aging (S) and susceptibility to biodegrade were tested. The produced elastomer composites may be used in the rubber industry in the assortment of various types of washers, elastomer seals or conveyor belts-materials that often work under elevated temperature conditions. Therefore, it seems advisable to understand the thermal properties of this type of materials, eg for suitability in real conditions. Therefore, Thermogravimetry (TG), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Oxygen Index (IO) analyzes have been carried out, showing that different mechanisms of decomposition occur in layers of fiber-enriched polymer composites than unrecoverable ones. The modified keratin also slightly decreases the glass transition temperature. In addition, the presence of a modified keratin in the XNBR elastomer structure increases the composites compliance with the biodegradation process.

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Keratin as a filler for carboxylated acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber XNBR

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Keratin Associations with Synthetic, Biosynthetic and Natural Polymers: An Extensive Review

Keratin Associations with Synthetic, Biosynthetic and Natural Polymers: An Extensive Review

The Effect of Waste Fodder Potato Proteins on the Mechanical Properties of Carboxylated Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber

Influence of modified biopolymers on thermal properties and biodegradation processes of carboxylated nitrile-butadiene (XNBR) nanocomposities

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