Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca and Corneal Ulcers

Hemady, Ramzi K.; Chu, Wing; Foster, C. Stephen

doi:10.1097/00003226-199004000-00014

Cited by 36 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…19 Inflammation of the sclera can present as episcleritis or scleritis. Episcleritis, a more superficial ocular inflammation, usually presents with discomfort rather than pain and is rarely associated with ocular complications.…”

Section: Rheumatoid Arthritismentioning

confidence: 99%

The eye in systemic vasculitis

Menezo

Lightman

2004

Clinical Medicine

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-The term 'vasculitis' includes a wide range of disorders characterised by inflammation of the wall of blood vessels, sometimes with necrosis, leading to ischaemia of the affected organ. The exact pathogenesis of most of these vasculitides is not fully understood and although the presence of circulating auto-antibodies seems to be a common feature among them, each vasculitis has its unique pathogenesis and a predilection for vessels of a defined size. Systemic vasculitis may be associated with ocular complications which include scleritis, keratitis, uveitis and optic neuropathy. These can precede the symptoms/signs of the systemic disease and therefore their recognition may lead to detection of the underlying disorder. The eye may also be affected by the treatment required to control the systemic disease.

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Section: Rheumatoid Arthritismentioning

confidence: 99%

The eye in systemic vasculitis

Menezo

Lightman

2004

Clinical Medicine

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“…The disease is characterized by an immune and inflammatory process that affects the ocular surface, and in severe cases may lead to blindness due to corneal ulceration or scarring (1-3). It has been estimated that over 9 million Americans suffer from DED, and tens of millions more have less severe symptoms that are notable during exposure to adverse predisposing factors such as dry air (4-6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoimmunity in Dry Eye Is Due to Resistance of Th17 to Treg Suppression

Chauhan

Annan

Ecoiffier

et al. 2009

The Journal of Immunology

269

276

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Dry eye disease (DED), an inflammatory autoimmune disorder affecting the ocular surface, degrades visual performance and the quality of life of >10 million people in the United States alone. The primary limitation in the effective treatment of DED is an incomplete understanding of its specific cellular and molecular pathogenic elements. Using a validated mouse model of DED, herein we functionally characterize the different T cell subsets, including regulatory T cells (Tregs) and pathogenic effector T cells, and determine their contribution to the pathogenesis of DED. Our data demonstrate the presence of dysfunctional Tregs and the resistance of pathogenic T cells, particularly Th17 cells, to Treg suppression in DED. In addition, we clearly show that in vivo blockade of IL-17 significantly reduces the severity and progression of disease, which is paralleled by a reduction in the expansion of Th17 cells and restoration of Treg function. Our findings elucidate involvement of a previously unknown pathogenic T cell subset (Th17) in DED that is associated specifically with Treg dysfunction and disease pathogenesis and suggest a new target for dry eye therapy.

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“…33,35,40 Alternative hypotheses suggest aqueous tear insufficiency, surgical denervation of the cornea, and the use of topically administered medications causing epithelial toxicity. 33,41 The incidence of corneal complications after cataract surgery has been studied by Jones and Maguire, 34 who reported only 3 complications in 86 eyes (3.5%) of patients with rheumatoid arthritis after cataract surgery. The three patients all developed diffuse superficial punctate keratopathy, which resolved without permanent sequelae.…”

Section: Corneal Response To Ocular Surgery In Systemic Inflammatory mentioning

confidence: 99%

Corneal Involvement in Systemic Inflammatory Diseases

Gomes

Santhiago

Jorge³

et al. 2015

Eye &Amp; Contact Lens: Science &Amp; Clinical Practice

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Corneal involvement in patients with systemic inflammatory disorders may be sight threatening, and it may be associated with a life-threatening disease. Significant systemic inflammatory diseases in this context are autoimmune connective tissue diseases, systemic autoimmune dermatological disorders, and autoimmune diseases of the lacrimal system. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is usually the most common ocular finding in these patients. Peripheral ulcerative keratitis is a rare condition usually associated with increased ocular morbidity and also mortality, as it might act as an indicator of a more widespread vasculitis. Corneal biomechanical properties may also be altered in connective tissue diseases. Although recent studies suggest that the risk for corneal complications after ocular surgery in patients with quiescent autoimmune disease is minimal, caution is still recommended, as the knowledge about the corneal wound-healing process and the corneal biomechanical properties in these patients is not yet fully understood. This article reviews corneal abnormalities and characteristics in the setting of systemic inflammatory diseases.

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Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca and Corneal Ulcers

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

The eye in systemic vasculitis

The eye in systemic vasculitis

Autoimmunity in Dry Eye Is Due to Resistance of Th17 to Treg Suppression

Corneal Involvement in Systemic Inflammatory Diseases

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