KERNEL MORPHOLOGY VARIATION IN A POPULATION DERIVED FROM A SOFT BY HARD WHEAT CROSS AND ASSOCIATIONS WITH END‐USE QUALITY TRAITS¹

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Molecular mapping of quantitative trait loci for kernel morphology traits in a non-1BL.1RS×1BL.1RS wheat cross

“…In the present study, alleles contributed by NX at the locus Sec-1 on 1RS conferred increases in KLEN, KWID, KP and KA, consistent with the significantly positive correlations among them. Bergman et al (2000) and Breseghello and Sorrells (2007) also reported pleiotropic effects on variation in kernel morphology traits, although the traits were inherited independently. The QTL for kernel morphology traits on 1RS was not reported previously, and 1RS also had large influences on kernel weight, flour colour, noodle colour, mixograph parameters (Zhang et al 2009a(Zhang et al , 2009b and glutenin protein fractions (Zhang et al 2011) in the same population.…”

“…Most Abbreviations: FFD, factor form-density; G Â E, genotype by environment interaction; ICIM, inclusive composite interval mapping; KA, kernel area; KW/L, kernel width/length ratio; KLEN, kernel length; KP, kernel perimeter; KWID, kernel width; NX, Neixiang 188; PH, PH 82-2; PV, phenotypic variance; PVE, phenotypic variance explained; QTL, quantitative trait loci; RIL, recombinant inbred line; SF, shape factor; TKW, one-thousand kernel weight. breeders prefer plump kernels over long and thin kernels, because variation in kernel morphology traits determines quality characteristics set by the milling industry (Berman et al 1996), and it may also have an effect on baking quality (Bergman et al 2000). Up to 66% of the variation in milling yield could be predicted by kernel traits as measured by digital imaging, therefore, Berman et al (1996) suggested that digital imaging of kernel morphology could be used to predict milling quality in breeding programs.…”

“…Up to 66% of the variation in milling yield could be predicted by kernel traits as measured by digital imaging, therefore, Berman et al (1996) suggested that digital imaging of kernel morphology could be used to predict milling quality in breeding programs. Marshall et al (1986) claimed that each kernel morphology trait made a minor but cumulative contribution to milling yield, although it seemed that kernel morphology traits were inherited independently of each other (Bergman et al 2000;Breseghello and Sorrells 2007).…”

QTL analysis of kernel shape and weight using recombinant inbred lines in wheat

“…In addition, larger kernels should have an effect on seedling vigour (consequently promoting yield increase, Botwright et al 2002) and a favorable effect on agronomic value and flour yield (Blair 1992;Chastain et al 1995). Test weight (TW) is influenced by kernel shape (Campbell et al 1999) and has a relationship with wheat quality (Bergman et al 2000;Aguirre et al 2002). TW has been used as an indicator of overall grain quality and is employed to determine price in many countries.…”

Genome-Wide Association Studies to Identify Loci and Candidate Genes Controlling Kernel Weight and Length in a Historical United States Wheat Population

“…KW is determined by kernel size, which is a function of kernel width, length, and thickness, and degree of grain filling ( Simmonds et al, 2014 ; Su et al, 2016 ). Though complex, KW is the most heritable trait among yield components ( Su et al, 2016 ), with heritability reaching as high as 0.87 ( Bergman et al, 2000 ; Wiersma et al, 2001 ). Kernel development in wheat involves cell division, water uptake, accumulation of starch and protein, maturation, and desiccation ( Altenbach and Kothari, 2004 ).…”