Ketogenic Diet and Microbiota: Friends or Enemies?

Paoli, Antonio; Mancin, Laura; Bianco, Antonino; Thomas, Ewan; Mota, João Felipe; Piccini, Fabio

doi:10.3390/genes10070534

Cited by 202 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…However, evidence suggests that a high-fat diet does not improve exercise performance more than or as much as a high-carbohydrate diet (116). Additionally, the lack of microbiota-accessible carbohydrates on the ketogenic diet makes it questionable whether or how it would benefit the gut microbiome, though there has been little research in this area and none of it has been in athletes (117,118).…”

Section: Effects Of Supplements and Dietary Patterns On The Gut Micromentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Personalized Sports Nutrition

Hughes

2020

Front. Nutr.

103

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The gut microbiome is a key factor in determining inter-individual variability in response to diet. Thus, far, research in this area has focused on metabolic health outcomes such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, understanding the role of the gut microbiome in determining response to diet may also lead to improved personalization of sports nutrition for athletic performance. The gut microbiome has been shown to modify the effect of both diet and exercise, making it relevant to the athlete's pursuit of optimal performance. This area of research can benefit from recent developments in the general field of personalized nutrition and has the potential to expand our knowledge of the nexus between the gut microbiome, lifestyle, and individual physiology.

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Section: Effects Of Supplements and Dietary Patterns On The Gut Micromentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Personalized Sports Nutrition

Hughes

2020

Front. Nutr.

103

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“…Even a short-term GFD followed for four weeks has affected the microbiota, with a reduction in family Veillonellaceae (class Clostridia) being noticed [132]. Similarly, significant changes in the composition of the microbiota and deregulation in its functions have been observed in people following other alternative dietary patterns, including the ketogenic diet [133,134], paleo diet [135,136], or intermittent fasting [137,138] (Table 5).…”

Section: Other Dietary Pattern and Dietary Habits And Gmmentioning

confidence: 99%

You Are What You Eat—The Relationship between Diet, Microbiota, and Metabolic Disorders—A Review

2020

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The gut microbiota (GM) is defined as the community of microorganisms (bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses) colonizing the gastrointestinal tract. GM regulates various metabolic pathways in the host, including those involved in energy homeostasis, glucose and lipid metabolism, and bile acid metabolism. The relationship between alterations in intestinal microbiota and diseases associated with civilization is well documented. GM dysbiosis is involved in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and neurological disorders. Multiple factors modulate the composition of the microbiota and how it physically functions, but one of the major factors triggering GM establishment is diet. In this paper, we reviewed the current knowledge about the relationship between nutrition, gut microbiota, and host metabolic status. We described how macronutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, fat) and different dietary patterns (e.g., Western-style diet, vegetarian diet, Mediterranean diet) interact with the composition and activity of GM, and how gut bacterial dysbiosis has an influence on metabolic disorders, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hyperlipidemia.

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“…Dietary proteins serve as the major source of nitrogen for colonic microbial growth and are essential to bacterial assimilation of carbohydrates and production of beneficial products including SCFAs. A ketogenic diet modifies bacteria taxa, richness, and diversity, thus exerting neuroprotective effects, influencing weight loss, enhancing longevity, and reducing the onset of different diseases [51]. A high-fat diet in healthy subjects is associated with increased and decreased levels of Alistipes and Bacteroidetes and Faecalibacterium, respectively, all changes associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases [23].…”

Section: The Impact Of Diet On the Human Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota as Important Mediator Between Diet and DNA Methylation and Histone Modifications in the Host

et al. 2020

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The human gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem consisting of trillions of microorganisms that inhabit symbiotically on and in the human intestine. They carry out, through the production of a series of metabolites, many important metabolic functions that complement the activity of mammalian enzymes and play an essential role in host digestion. Interindividual variability of microbiota structure, and consequently of the expression of its genes (microbiome), was largely ascribed to the nutritional regime. Diet influences microbiota composition and function with short- and long-term effects. In spite of the vast literature, molecular mechanisms underlying these effects still remain elusive. In this review, we summarized the current evidence on the role exerted by gut microbiota and, more specifically, by its metabolites in the establishment of the host epigenome. The interest in this topic stems from the fact that, by modulating DNA methylation and histone modifications, the gut microbiota does affect the cell activities of the hosting organism.

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Ketogenic Diet and Microbiota: Friends or Enemies?

Cited by 202 publications

References 125 publications

A Review of the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Personalized Sports Nutrition

A Review of the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Personalized Sports Nutrition

You Are What You Eat—The Relationship between Diet, Microbiota, and Metabolic Disorders—A Review

Gut Microbiota as Important Mediator Between Diet and DNA Methylation and Histone Modifications in the Host

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