Key Factors in the Implementation of Wearable Antennas for WBNs and ISM Applications: A Review WBNs and ISM Applications: A Review

Hashim, Fatimah Fawzi; Mahadi, Wan Nor Liza Binti Wan; Latef, Tariq Bin Abdul; Othman, Mohamadariff

doi:10.3390/electronics11152470

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The basic characteristics of textile substrates and a qualitative assessment of their properties were prepared on the basis of information commonly available in the literature [ 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Textile Substrates on the Performance of Textronic RFID Transponders

et al. 2022

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Recent advances in the development of innovative textronic products are often related to the implementation of radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology. Such devices contain components of wireless telecommunications systems, in which radiofrequency circuits should be designed taking into account not only the frequency band or destined application, but also the dielectric properties of the materials. As is known from the theory of RFID systems, the dielectric permittivity and loss angle of the substrates significantly affect the performance of RFID transponders. Therefore, the knowledge on the variability of these parameters is highly important in the context of developing new solutions in textronic devices with the RFID interface. According to the plan of studies, at the beginning, the comprehensive characterization and determination of the dielectric parameters of various types of textile substrates were carried out. On this basis, the influence of fabrics on the performance of textronic RFID (RFIDtex) tags was characterized with numerical calculations. As the RFIDtex transponders proposed by the authors in the patent PL231291 have an outstanding design in which the antenna and the chip are located on physically separated substrates and are galvanically isolated, the special means had to be implemented when creating a numerical model. On the other hand, the great advantage of the developed construction was confirmed. Since the impedance at the chip’s terminals is primarily determined by the coupling system, the selected fabrics have relatively low impact on the efficiency of the RFIDtex transponder. Such an effect is impossible to achieve with classical designs of passive or semi-passive transponders. The correctness of the simulations was verified on the exemplary demonstrators, in threshold and rotation measurements performed at the laboratory stand.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Textile Substrates on the Performance of Textronic RFID Transponders

et al. 2022

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“…The small dielectric constant of the dielectric ground causes the fringe areas to increase, which affects the radiation (Lee et al, 2019). In general, when designing the antenna, it is preferred that the dielectric constant is between 2.2 and 12 (Hashim et al, 2022). The length L, width W and thickness H are effective in characterizing this type of antenna.…”

Section: Figure 1 a Typical Microstrip Patch Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstrip Patch Antenna Design at 10 GHz for X Band Applications

Karahan,

Inal,

Dilmen

et al. 2024

ejtas

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Microstrip patch antennas are used in satellite imaging systems, wireless communication equipment, military radios, GPS (Global Positioning System) and GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) applications. Its advantages are its small size and light weight, thin structure, low power consumption, use in dual frequency applications, and patching in various geometric shapes. Developing technology has facilitated and accelerated the production of microstrip antennas. In this study, microstrip antenna design operating at 10 GHz frequency for X band applications has been made. X band is used for air traffic control, weather traffic control, vessel traffic control, defense tracking and vehicle speed detection, terrestrial communications and networking, space communications and amateur radio. HFSS program was used in antenna design. AWR program was used to find transmission line parameters. In addition, MATLAB program was used to calculate some parameters. First of all, information is given about the working principle of the antenna, the selected dielectric layer and the working frequency. Schematic drawings of the designed antenna were made from above and from the side. S11 reflection coefficient magnitude graphs are drawn below and above the operating frequency. The radiation pattern is drawn for the E-plane and H-plane at the operating frequency. 3-D (dimensional) plot of antenna gain at operating frequency is drawn. The simulations performed have shown that the designed antenna works successfully.

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“…Artificial magnetic conductors (AMCs), also called electromagnetic band gap structures (EBG), and high impedance surfaces are two examples of modern techniques that help reduce SAR and are being developed to make antennas safer [39,40].…”

Section: Antenna Performance and Sar Evaluation (In Free Space/on Hum...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabric–Metal Barrier for Low Specific Absorption Rate and Wide-Band Felt Substrate Antenna for Medical and 5G Applications

et al. 2023

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This study proposed the dimensions of 55 mm × 34 mm × 1 mm for wearable antenna; the copper Y-slot patch and copper partial ground are attached to a felt substrate. The partial ground has the higher impact in antenna gain enhancement compared with the full ground, making it the most suitable candidate for wearable applications and suitable for embedding in fabrics for use in medical applications. In addition, the proposed antenna design combined a fabric–metal barrier operated at 2.4 GHz 65.4% with a low specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0.01 watts per kilogramme (W/kg) and 0.006 W/kg per 10 g and a gain of 6.48 dBi. The proposed antenna has an omnidirectional radiation pattern. The two-layer barrier is designed to achieve high electromagnetic (EM) absorption and reduce the antenna’s absorption coefficient (SAR) for safe use in applications involving human activities. Simulation and measurement results on the arm and the head of the human body indicated that the antenna has excellent performance. In addition, the measurement results agreed well with the simulation results, making the proposed wearable antenna reliable for medical and 5G applications.

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Key Factors in the Implementation of Wearable Antennas for WBNs and ISM Applications: A Review WBNs and ISM Applications: A Review

Cited by 15 publications

References 79 publications

The Influence of Textile Substrates on the Performance of Textronic RFID Transponders

The Influence of Textile Substrates on the Performance of Textronic RFID Transponders

Microstrip Patch Antenna Design at 10 GHz for X Band Applications

Fabric–Metal Barrier for Low Specific Absorption Rate and Wide-Band Felt Substrate Antenna for Medical and 5G Applications

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