Key innovations within a geographical context in flowering plants: towards resolving Darwin’s abominable mystery

Vamosi, Jana C.; Vamosi, Steven M.

doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01521.x

Cited by 104 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…(c) Estimation of species area relationships We used published data on the global geographical extent of plant families ( [20,26], see the electronic supplementary material, table S1). We used these plant family range values with gall-inducing midge species richness in multivariate generalized linear models with plant insularity and plantlineage age to control for the influence of other factors.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Island phytophagy: explaining the remarkable diversity of plant-feeding insects

Joy

Crespi

2012

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Plant-feeding insects have undergone unparalleled diversification among different plant taxa, yet explanations for variation in their diversity lack a quantitative, predictive framework. Island biogeographic theory has been applied to spatially discrete habitats but not to habitats, such as host plants, separated by genetic distance. We show that relationships between the diversity of gall-inducing flies and their host plants meet several fundamental predictions from island biogeographic theory. First, plant-taxon genetic distinctiveness, an integrator for long-term evolutionary history of plant lineages, is a significant predictor of variance in the diversity of gall-inducing flies among host-plant taxa. Second, range size and structural complexity also explain significant proportions of the variance in diversity of gall-inducing flies among different host-plant taxa. Third, as with other island systems, plant-lineage age does not predict species diversity. Island biogeographic theory, applied to habitats defined by genetic distance, provides a novel, comprehensive framework for analysing and explaining the diversity of plant-feeding insects and other host-specific taxa.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Island phytophagy: explaining the remarkable diversity of plant-feeding insects

Joy

Crespi

2012

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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“…To date, results have been mixed, for example, Cardillo et al [72,73] and Ricklefs [74] reported faster rates of diversification at lower latitude in birds, but Wiens et al [75] [77,78]. Area by far explains the most variation in diversification models for plants [79][80][81], but significant additional variation in rates is explained by environmental energy [80,82].…”

Section: Diversity and Diversificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic diversity as a window into the evolutionary and biogeographic histories of present-day richness gradients for mammals

Davies

Buckley

2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

160

181

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Phylogenetic diversity (PD) captures the shared ancestry of species, and is increasingly being recognized as a valuable conservation currency. Regionally, PD frequently covaries closely with species richness; however, variation in speciation and extinction rates and/or the biogeographic history of lineages can result in significant deviation. Locally, these differences may be pronounced. Rapid recent speciation or high temporal turnover of lineages can result in low PD but high richness. In contrast, rare dispersal events, for example, between biomes, can elevate PD but have only small impact on richness. To date, environmental predictors of species richness have been well studied but global models explaining variation in PD are lacking. Here, we contrast the global distribution of PD versus species richness for terrestrial mammals. We show that an environmental model of lineage diversification can predict well the discrepancy in the distribution of these two variables in some places, for example, South America and Africa but not others, such as Southeast Asia. When we have information on multiple diversity indices, conservation efforts directed towards maximizing one currency or another (e.g. species richness versus PD) should also consider the underlying processes that have shaped their distributions.

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“…This model underscores the potential importance of gene loss in the evolution of ecologically important traits. E volution of flower symmetry is tightly correlated with pollinator shifts and has been proposed as a key innovation within the angiosperms (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). In the plantain family (Plantaginaceae, Lamiales), morphological and phylogenetic analyses suggest that the ancestral flower was five-parted, bilaterally symmetrical (monosymmetrical and zygomorphic), and insect-pollinated (7,8).…”

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confidence: 99%

Gradual disintegration of the floral symmetry gene network is implicated in the evolution of a wind-pollination syndrome

Preston

Martinez

Hileman

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Angiosperms exhibit staggering diversity in floral form, and evolution of floral morphology is often correlated with changes in pollination syndrome. The showy, bilaterally symmetrical flowers of the model species Antirrhinum majus (Plantaginaceae) are highly specialized for bee pollination. In A. majus, CYCLOIDEA (CYC), DICHOTOMA (DICH), RADIALIS (RAD), and DIVARICATA (DIV) specify the development of floral bilateral symmetry. However, it is unclear to what extent evolution of these genes has resulted in flower morphological divergence among closely related members of Plantaginaceae differing in pollination syndrome. We compared floral symmetry genes from insect-pollinated Digitalis purpurea, which has bilaterally symmetrical flowers, with those from closely related Aragoa abietina and wind-pollinated Plantago major, both of which have radially symmetrical flowers. We demonstrate that Plantago, but not Aragoa, species have lost a dorsally expressed CYC-like gene and downstream targets RAD and DIV. Furthermore, the single P. major CYC-like gene is expressed across all regions of the flower, similar to expression of its ortholog in closely related Veronica serpyllifolia. We propose that changes in the expression of duplicated CYC-like genes led to the evolution of radial flower symmetry in Aragoa/Plantago, and that further disintegration of the symmetry gene pathway resulted in the wind-pollination syndrome of Plantago. This model underscores the potential importance of gene loss in the evolution of ecologically important traits.

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Key innovations within a geographical context in flowering plants: towards resolving Darwin’s abominable mystery

Cited by 104 publications

References 53 publications

Island phytophagy: explaining the remarkable diversity of plant-feeding insects

Island phytophagy: explaining the remarkable diversity of plant-feeding insects

Phylogenetic diversity as a window into the evolutionary and biogeographic histories of present-day richness gradients for mammals

Gradual disintegration of the floral symmetry gene network is implicated in the evolution of a wind-pollination syndrome

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