Key IPCC Conclusions on Climate Change Impacts and Adaptations

Parry, Martin L.; Canziani, Osvaldo; Palutikof, Jean; Hanson, Clair

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-17776-7_79

Cited by 166 publications

(204 citation statements)

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“…Present societies are facing the threat of global warming in many ways (Parry et al, 2007). Although our study suggests that economic performance during the past two millennia was better during periods of warm, wet and stable climate owing to more stable food production in ancient China.…”

Section: Implications For the Futurementioning

confidence: 58%

Macro-Economic Cycles Related to Climate change in Dynastic China

et al. 2015

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Investigations of the relationships between climate and human history often place more emphasis on the science of climate change than on understanding human socio-economic processes, and therefore suffer from superficial results and an unbalanced perspective. This is partly due to the lack of high-resolution data concerning long-term socio-economic processes. Here, we base our study of climate and society on a series of 2130-yr-long economic proxy data from China with decadal resolution. The economy was associated significantly with temperature and precipitation at the two predominant bands of 100 and 320 yr. The phase transition of economic states was influenced positively by long-term temperature change combined with triggering effects of short-term changes in precipitation. However, climatic impact on economy should not be recognized as simple causality but some driving-response relation coupled with meditation by human agency at multiple scales. A model of 'adaptive cycles' implies, in relative to the developing phases, climate-economy relationship during the declining phases was more easily moderated by slower processes like rigidity and faster processes like unrest. From a more-macro perspective, climatic driving for the macro-economic cycles was moderated by larger and slower processes like social memory, spatial shifting of key economic areas, and social-technical advance.

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Section: Implications For the Futurementioning

confidence: 58%

Macro-Economic Cycles Related to Climate change in Dynastic China

et al. 2015

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“…The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC 2007) has presented a range of future climate scenarios. The present study focuses on the scenario with moderate average temperature increase (1-2°C) and increasing frequency of weather extremes (Hansen et al 2012) with considerable differences in changes between temperate and tropical climate zones (Parry et al 2007) Description of the threats…”

Section: Baseline Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extreme weather events As climate change progresses, heat waves, droughts, storms, heavy precipitation and floods are expected to become more frequent (Hansen et al 2012;Parry et al 2007). Subsequent damage, such as erosion, leakage of soil minerals, landslides and the contamination of soil and crops by animal or human pathogens, salt or chemicals, all lead to loss of land for agricultural production (Miraglia et al 2009;Lindgren et al 2011).…”

Section: Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Future threats to agricultural food production posed by environmental degradation, climate change, and animal and plant diseases – a risk analysis in three economic and climate settings

et al. 2014

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Global food security is one of the most pressing issues for humanity, and agricultural production is critical for achieving this. The existing analyses of specific threats to agricultural food production seldom bring out the contrasts associated with different levels of economic development and different climatic zones. We therefore investigated the same biophysical threats in three modelled types of countries with different economic and climatic conditions. The threats analysed were environmental degradation, climate change and diseases and pests of animals and plants. These threats were analysed with a methodology enabling the associated risks to be compared. The timeframe was 2012-2050 and the analysis was based on three underlying assumptions for 2050: the world population will have increased to 9 billion people, there will be a larger middle class in the world and climate change will be causing more extreme weather events, higher temperatures and altered precipitation. It is suggested that the risks, presented by the biophysical threats analysed, differ among the three modelled types of countries and that climate zone, public stewardship and economic strength are major determinants of these differences. These determinants are far from evenly spread among the world's major food producers, which implies that diversification of risk monitoring and international assessment of agricultural production is critical for assuring global food security in 2050.

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“…The unprecedented melting of the Himalayan glaciers would likely cause extreme flooding, followed by reduced river flows, in the next two to three years [20]. The impact of climate change on runoff is more adverse, especially in snow-fed rivers [21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snowmelt Runoff Modelling under Projected Climate Change Patterns in the Gilgit River Basin of Northern Pakistan

Adnan¹,

Nabi²,

Kang³

et al. 2017

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Pakistan is home to three of the world's largest mountain ranges in the Upper Indus Basin (UIB), where the majority of Pakistan's water resources are located: the Himalayan, Karakorum, and Hindu-Kush. This work estimated the (snow+glacier) and rainfall runoff from one of the major tributaries, the Gilgit River, nestled within the UIB of Pakistan. The snowmelt runoff model (SRM) derived by the cryospheric data from the MODIS (moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer) was employed to predict the daily discharges of the Gilgit. The SRM was successfully calibrated, and the simulation was undertaken from 2005 to 2010, with a coefficient of model efficiency ranging from 0.84-0.94. The average contributions of (snow+glacier) and rainfall to the stream flows of the Gilgit from 2001-10 were 78.35% and 21.65%, respectively, derived from the SRM. The representative concentration pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) AR5 were used to investigate the effects of the changes in temperature on climate of the Gilgit catchment. Under the RCP 4.5 scenario, the air temperature

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Key IPCC Conclusions on Climate Change Impacts and Adaptations

Cited by 166 publications

References 0 publications

Macro-Economic Cycles Related to Climate change in Dynastic China

Macro-Economic Cycles Related to Climate change in Dynastic China

Future threats to agricultural food production posed by environmental degradation, climate change, and animal and plant diseases – a risk analysis in three economic and climate settings

Snowmelt Runoff Modelling under Projected Climate Change Patterns in the Gilgit River Basin of Northern Pakistan

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