Khat chewing and its socio-demographic correlates among the staff of Jimma University

Gelaw, Yeshigeta; Haileamlak, Abraham

doi:10.4314/ejhd.v18i3.9957

Cited by 62 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The PHQ-9 has been used previously to estimate prevalence of depressive symptoms in Ethiopia 9) . Information concerning socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics, including the use of khat leaves (Catha edulis), a natural stimulant with amphetaminelike effects that is commonly used for social recreation in Ethiopia 16) , was also collected. The questionnaire was first written in English and then translated to Amharic, the official language of Ethiopia.…”

Section: Data Collection and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Workplace Abuse and Sexual Harassment among Female Faculty and Staff

Marsh

Patel

Gelaye

et al. 2009

Journal of Occupational Health

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To determine the one year prevalence of workplace abuse and sexual harassment and to determine the extent of their associations with symptoms of depression. Methods: A total of 387 female faculty and staff from colleges in Awassa, Ethiopia completed a self-administered questionnaire which collected information about relationships, mood and feelings, thoughts and satisfaction concerning the workplace, and experiences with sexual harassment. Symptoms of depression were evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Logistic regression procedures were employed to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: The 12 mo prevalence of either workplace abuse or sexual harassment was 86.3%; with 39.5% reporting workplace abuse only, 4.1% of them reporting sexual harassment only, and 42.6% reporting experiences of both sexual harassment and workplace abuse. Overall, the mean depression score for this cohort was 3.7 (standard deviation 4.2, range 0-19), and 9.3% of the cohort were identified as having moderate or moderately severe depression. The proportion of participants with depression were statistically significantly elevated in relation to reported experience of workplace abuse and sexual harassment (p=0.001). Compared with women reporting no experience with workplace abuse or sexual harassment, those who reported experiencing both workplace abuse and sexual harassment had an 8.00 fold increased risk of depression (OR=8.00, 95% CI:1.05-60.85). Inferences from this analysis are limited by our relatively small sample size as reflected by the wide 95% CI. Conclusions: Workplace abuse and sexual harassment are highly prevalent, and are positively correlated with symptoms of depression among college female faculty and staff in Awassa, Ethiopia. Future policies should include a combination of education, health, and public policy initiatives that clearly outline the problem and consequences of workplace abuse and sexual harassment in educational settings. (J Occup Health 2009; 51: 314-322)

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Section: Data Collection and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Workplace Abuse and Sexual Harassment among Female Faculty and Staff

Marsh

Patel

Gelaye

et al. 2009

Journal of Occupational Health

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“…Among Khat chewers, 34 (27.6%) were chewing 2 -3 times per week [18]. Over 23% of out-of-school youth used Khat every day or once weekly while only 7.5% of in-school youth did so [11].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The peak age of Khat chewing was found to be between 18 and 44 years [18]. The habit of Khat chewing was more frequent in the age group between 16 and 45 years and less common above the age of 55 [27].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Seventy-four (40.2%) have started Khat chewing before four years [18]. Among Khat chewers, 57.8% were regular daily Khat chewers [27].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…One hundred and thirty four (45.6%) of the lifetime chewers started chewing when they were senior secondary school students and 52 (17.7%) of the lifetime chewers started chewing during their first year at college [17]. Forty percent of the chewers started chewing while they were in college or university, 20.7% as government employees, 17.4% at senior secondary school, 14.2% at elementary school, 3.9% at junior high school and 3.9% of them started during childhood [18]. Twenty-four (40.0%) of the instructors started Khat chewing while they were in senior high school or first year college [19].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Magnitude and Factors Associated with Khat Chewing among Undergraduate Students of Adama University, Oromia National Regional State, January 2012

Teshome¹

2015

OALib

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Background: In some countries the use of Khat is widespread. The use or misuse of Khat is increasingly prevalent in Ethiopia. College and university students consume Khat to get mental alertness and to work hard in their academic endeavours. Most of the studies concerning Khat chewing were done on community-based studies and high school-based as well as psychiatric effects of Khat: less was done among university students. Objective: The study was aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of Khat chewing among undergraduate Adama University students. Methodology: A cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaire was conducted on population sample size determined by using single population proportion formula in January 2012. By using multi-stage sampling technique followed by simple random sampling, one department was selected from each school. Then, by simple random sampling, the sampled students were selected proportionally to their year of study and class size. Questions regarding demographic variables, academic and environmental factors were included in the survey. Data quality was controlled by pre-test, supervision, translation and training data collectors. Completed data were coded and entering into EPI info version 3.5.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 16. Odds ratio with 95% CI and multiple logistic regression analysis were used. Results: A total of 728 students participated giving a response rate of 95.3%. The lifetime and current prevalence of Khat chewing were found to be 27.7% and 20.7% respectively. Being male (AOR = 1.95; 95% CI 1.10 -3.47), monthly pocket money (AOR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.01 -2.28), family history of Khat chewing (AOR = 1.72; 95% CI = 1.14 -2.59) and friend chewing Khat (AOR = 1.70; 95% CI = 1.12 -2.58) were associated factors for Khat chewing (p < 0.05). Conclusion and Recommendation: The prevalence of Khat chewing among Adama University students was high compared to other studies done in similar settings. Therefore, there is a need for early intervention that targets university students to reduce impact of peer pressure, family history of Khat chewing and proper management of money. To realize this involvement and participation of policy makers, ministry of education, universities and parents are mandatory.

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Khat use and neurobehavioral functions: Suggestions for future studies

Hoffman

Al’Absi

2010

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Although there is a rich body of research available regarding the effect of acute and chronic khat dosing in animal models, research on the behavioral and cognitive effects of khat in human subjects is not extensive and several of the available studies have been done only in the context of observational and single-case studies. In light of the absence of a substantial literature on the neurobehavioral deficits associated with khat use and to provide a context that could be used to identify themes for future research we review previous research that has focused on other stimulant drugs. This review highlights multiple areas of neurocognitive deficit that have been identified in previous studies of individuals who have been chronic users of stimulants, such as amphetamines and methamphetamines. The review highlights a substantial body of evidence demonstrating a wide range of learning and memory impairments including deficits that persist during abstinence from active drug use. This review does not imply a similar khat effect, but due to some similarities pharmacologically between the active components of khat (cathinone and cathine) and amphetamines, future studies examining these same domains of cognitive functioning in chronic khat users and abstinent khat users appears to be warranted, if possible using some of the same or similar laboratory measures.

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Khat chewing and its socio-demographic correlates among the staff of Jimma University

Cited by 62 publications

References 7 publications

Prevalence of Workplace Abuse and Sexual Harassment among Female Faculty and Staff

Prevalence of Workplace Abuse and Sexual Harassment among Female Faculty and Staff

Magnitude and Factors Associated with Khat Chewing among Undergraduate Students of Adama University, Oromia National Regional State, January 2012

Khat use and neurobehavioral functions: Suggestions for future studies

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