KiGGS Wave 2 cross-sectional study – participant acquisition, response rates and representativeness

Abstract

For the third time, wave 2 of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS), which is conducted in the context of health monitoring at the Robert Koch Institute, now provides representative cross-sectional data for Germany. Completed in 2017, data for the cross-sectional component of KiGGS Wave 2 was collected in the form of an interview and examination survey. Interview survey data was collected from 15,023 participants, meaning that the required number of participants has been reached. A randomly selected subgroup of 3,567 participants was also examined. The overall response rate was 40.1%. Differences in response rates were registered regarding certain sociodemographic characteristics. Weighting was applied to compensate for differences in willingness to participate related to age, gender, geographic region, nationality and education factors. Weighting ensures that assessments of the health of children and adolescents in Germany are representative for the population. The data serves to estimate prevalence rates and, through comparison with the results from previous survey waves, to analyse trends. A set of measures were taken to recruit a sufficiently large group of participants and ensure that the net sample reflects the composition of the overall population to the highest degree. For future surveys, further measures ought to be taken in order to improve the integration of hard-to-reach subgroups.

Community and Stakeholder Participation in the Implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility Programs, Its Impact on Rural Communities

“…This design aims to describe the influence of various variables on corporate social responsibility goals, corporate social issues, and corporate relations programs on community welfare. The cross-sectional approach was used because data collection from both variables was collected and measured simultaneously when the research was conducted [17]. Based on the characteristics of the existing problem formulation, this research is explanatory, namely the type of research that tries to explain the relationship between variables [18].…”

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in the general population in Germany – a triangulation of data from two population-based health surveys and a laboratory sentinel system

“…Using two-stage cluster sampling, participants were selected to form a representative sample of uninstitutionalized individuals aged 0–17 years with a permanent residency in Germany. Details regarding the methodology of the survey can be found elsewhere [ 10 ]. Parent-administered questionnaires were used to collect data on all participants, whereas 11- to 17-year-old participants additionally filled in a self-administered questionnaire.…”

“…Weights accounting for deviations of the samples from the population structure in regard to age, sex, federal state and nationality were used in both the adult and adolescent samples. In addition, weights used for the adult sample also accounted for type of municipality and educational status, while those for the adolescent population also accounted for parental educational levels [ 10 , 14 ].…”

Social, health-related, and environmental factors influencing sleep problems of children, adolescents and young adults

“…Adjustment factors, which compensate for possible distortions of the sample due to selective repeated participation, were used in the statistical analyses [ 36 , 43 ]. SAS (version 9.4) and R (version 3.6.1) were used to analyse the data, using survey procedures in order to take into account the survey design and the adjustment.…”