Kinetic characterization for dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis of timber varieties and switchgrass

Yat, Shu Chiang; Berger, Alan; Shonnard, David R.

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2007.06.046

Cited by 159 publications

(122 citation statements)

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“…This was due to the depolymerisation of hemicelluloses to soluble saccharides, whereas more crystalline celluloses remained inaccessible to the acid catalysis (Stein et al 2011). The highest proportion of oligosaccharides to total saccharides appeared at the early stage despite that the oligosaccharide content being relatively low (Table 1), which is consistent with an earlier study (Yat et al 2008). Further prolonging the hydrolysis time from 25 min resulted in a fast increase in the oligosaccharide content until about 40 min, and then a slow rise to the maximum at 50 min.…”

Section: Effect Of Acetic Acid On the Ethanol Precipitate Yieldssupporting

confidence: 81%

Comparative Study on the Yield and Characterization of Hemicelluloses Isolated with Hydrothermal Extract and Catalyzed by Acetic Acid from Acacia Wood

et al. 2017

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aTo utilize hemicelluloses from biomass as a feedstock to produce various value-added products, the soluble hemicelluloses must be isolated from the liquid phase with a high yield and purity. In this study, acacia wood was extracted by hydrothermal treatment, catalyzed by acetic acid at 170 °C for different lengths of time, and then precipitated after concentration and mixing with ethanol. Acetic acid led to faster hydrolysis of hemicelluloses, a process that was confirmed by a larger amount of total saccharides than the controlled results. A yield of more than 90% oligosaccharides was achieved in the hydrolysate with 1% (w/w) acetic acid. The maximum precipitate yield obtained was reduced, but a faster increase was observed in the first 30 min at 170 °C depending on the utilization of acetic acid. Analysis of 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance ( 13 C NMR) confirmed that the side chains, such as arabinose linked on the xylan chain, were severely broken down, and more dissolved hemicelluloses bonded with lignin (LCC) were present in the precipitates with 1% (w/w) acetic acid. Based on gel permeation chromatography (GPC), a molecular weight of not less than 1900 is suggested when ethanol is used to precipitate the oligosaccharides from hydrolysate. Keywords INTRODUCTIONThe chemical pulping industry is one of the largest manufacturers of lignocellulosic material, from which high strength and whiteness fibers are produced to make various grades of end-use papers. However, due to the increased capacity of the pulp and paper industry, the profitability of this industry is decreasing. Biorefining has been proposed to reshape the pulping industry by utilizing biomass resources more effectively and producing a variety of products (Vila et al. 2011;Liu et al. 2015). In kraft pulping, about 20% of biomass, mainly hemicelluloses, are dissolved in the black liquor along with lignin and then burned in the recovery cycle to produce energy for the process. However, the heating value of hemicelluloses is half that of lignin (13.6 MJ/kg) (Tunc and van Heiningen 2008). Therefore, instead of burning the hemicelluloses with black liquor, hemicellulose extraction prior to chemical pulping has been widely discussed as a practical approach in the implementation of a pulp mill-based biorefinery. There is great potential for the conversion of hemicelluloses derivatives into high-value added products such as fuels, films, health products, and polymers (Vila et al. 2011).Hydrothermal pretreatment (hot water treatment or autohydrolysis) is widely used to extract hemicelluloses from biomass for producing fermentable sugars and PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLE bioresources.com Shi et al. (2017). "Hemicelluloses from Acacia," BioResources 12(3), 6094-6108. 6095oligosaccharides (Ertas et al. 2014;Batalha et al. 2015;Cuevas et al. 2015). This method is a simple, low-cost, and attractive technology for extracting lignocelluloses in the kraft pulping (Deb et al. 2016), soda, soda-anthraquinone, and soda ethylenediamine processes for producing dissolving pulp (...

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Section: Effect Of Acetic Acid On the Ethanol Precipitate Yieldssupporting

confidence: 81%

Comparative Study on the Yield and Characterization of Hemicelluloses Isolated with Hydrothermal Extract and Catalyzed by Acetic Acid from Acacia Wood

et al. 2017

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“…Other potential benefits of cellulosic ethanol include lowering the trade deficit, improvement of national energy security and price stability, as well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions. 1,2,3 Furthermore, cellulosic biomass, such as corn stover, forest products residue, and energy crops, 1 has the capability of being processed into ethanol without competing with a major food source. Woody biomass is composed mainly of three types of material; cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 The pretreatment process continues to be one of the most expensive steps and improvements to pretreatment will have significant benefits for subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. 1,3 The purpose of the pretreatment stage is to open up the biomass structure so enzymes can more easily access the cellulose by breaking down hemicellulose into primarily xylose, a five carbon sugar, which can be fermented into ethanol, while minimizing xylose degradation which generates inhibitory byproducts. 4,3 Pretreatment has been studied extensively in the past; however, until the formation of the Biomass Refining Consortium for Applied Fundamentals and Innovation (CAFI) in 2000, it was difficult to compare one pretreatment process to another.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic characterization of biomass dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis: Mixtures of hardwoods, softwood, and switchgrass

et al. 2008

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in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).The effects of woody biomass mixtures were investigated on the rates of hemicellulose hydrolysis by dilute acid. Very good agreement between the model predictions and single species acid hydrolysis data confirmed the validity of a pseudo first-order model approach. This model was then utilized to predict monomer sugar concentrations for mixtures of hardwood (aspen, basswood, and red maple), a softwood (balsam), and the energy crop switchgrass, with very good agreement. The results of this study show that there are not significant synergistic or antagonistic effects by mixtures of woody biomass species on the kinetics of hemicellulose hydrolysis by dilute acid. Kinetic parameters were developed for each woody biomass species with xylose formation activation energies ranging from 76.19-171.20 kJ/mol, and pre-exponential factors ranging from 2.19 3 10 8 -7.73 3 10 19 min 21 . Overall xylose yields for pure biomass species ranged from approximately 66-88% with balsam having the lowest yield and switchgrass producing the highest yield.

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“…28 A half gram dry, ground, representative sample was mixed with 2.5 mL of 72 % (w/w) sulfuric acid. The mixture was kept at room temperature for 2 hours, and mixed every half hour.…”

Section: Determination Of Glucan Xylan Arabinan and Lignin Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Approaches to Xylose Production from Corn Stover by Dilute Acid Hydrolysis

Fehér

Rozbach

et al. 2017

Chem.Biochem.Eng.Q.

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Corn stover is a lignocellulosic biomass, an agricultural by-product, a possible raw material for xylose production. In this study corn stover was hydrolyzed with sulfuric and hydrochloric acid. In the presented work, hydrochloric acid resulted in the highest, 88.8 % xylose yield of theoretical under the conditions of 2 % (w/w) hydrochloric acid concentration, 40-minute reaction time, 10 % (w/w) dry matter, at 120 °C. Sulfuric acid experiments resulted in 81.9 % xylose yield of theoretical by using 1.5 % (w/w) sulfuric acid, 60-minute reaction time, at 140 °C, 7 % (w/w) dry matter. Acid hydrolysis at low dry matter content resulted in relatively low sugar concentrations. Hydrolyzate recycling concentrated xylose to three-times, while the recycling does not decrease the xylose yields. It is also shown that the pseudo first-order and biphasic kinetic models can be based on total sugar concentrations.

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Kinetic characterization for dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis of timber varieties and switchgrass

Cited by 159 publications

References 9 publications

Comparative Study on the Yield and Characterization of Hemicelluloses Isolated with Hydrothermal Extract and Catalyzed by Acetic Acid from Acacia Wood

Comparative Study on the Yield and Characterization of Hemicelluloses Isolated with Hydrothermal Extract and Catalyzed by Acetic Acid from Acacia Wood

Kinetic characterization of biomass dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis: Mixtures of hardwoods, softwood, and switchgrass

Combined Approaches to Xylose Production from Corn Stover by Dilute Acid Hydrolysis

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