Kinetic control of Phytic acid/Lixisenatide/Fe (III) ternary nanoparticles assembly process for sustained peptide release

Artificial engineering of the protein corona at bio-nano interfaces for improved cancer-targeted nanotherapy

“…A critical challenge in developing NP-based drug delivery systems is to alter the kinetics of drug release in a controllable manner [198,199]. The release profile data for different nanocarriers should be reevaluated by incorporating the impact of the PC on the rate of drug release to make it applicable for in vivo applications.…”

1,2-Bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic Acid Acetoxymethyl Ester Loaded Reactive Oxygen Species Responsive Hyaluronic Acid–Bilirubin Nanoparticles for Acute Kidney Injury Therapy via Alleviating Calcium Overload Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

“…To kinetically control the BA-loaded NP assembly processes for the formation of discrete NPs with small size, uniform composition, high colloidal stability, high drug loading efficiency, and so on in a continuous preparation manner, we adopted the FNC micromixing method for homogeneous and efficient mixing of organic phase (HA–Br/BA solution) with aqueous phase via turbulent mixing in a three-channel confined impinging jet (CIJ) microchamber (Figure A). , …”

“…To kinetically control the BA-loaded NP assembly processes for the formation of discrete NPs with small size, uniform composition, high colloidal stability, high drug loading efficiency, and so on in a continuous preparation manner, we adopted the FNC micromixing method for homogeneous and efficient mixing of organic phase (HA−Br/BA solution) with aqueous phase via turbulent mixing in a three-channel confined impinging jet (CIJ) microchamber (Figure 1A). 30,36 We first investigated the effects of the HA−Br/BA mass ratio in FNC preparation on particle size and drug loading while keeping the flow rates of all streams constant (total flow rate 52 mL•min −1 ). The particle size increased from 34.7 to 84.6 nm as the BA concentration increased from 0 to 1 mg•mL −1 (Figure 1B).…”

“…Finally, we attempted to adopt the flash nanocomplexation (FNC) micromixing method to produce BAloaded HA−Br nanoparticles (NPs). 30 Predictably, the nanoformulation possessed the following notable properties: (1) The as-prepared amphiphilic polymer would self-assemble as NPs for efficient encapsulation of hydrophobic BAPTA-AM agents via hydrophobic/hydrophilic interactions, with the expectation that it would effectively accumulate in renal tubules via the strong binding effects of HA to CD44 receptors and be well internalized by renal cells. (2) The hydrophobic Br moiety not only provides the hydrophobic area to efficiently encapsulate the BAPTA-AM agent but also provides the carrier with strong ROS scavenger functions and ROS-responsive disassembly properties via the ROS-triggered conversion of hydrophobic Br into biliverdin and then improves water solubility of the amphiphilic polymer, causing the rapid release of payloads at the lesion for targeted therapy of AKI.…”

“…Inspired by the strong binding ability of natural polysaccharide hyaluronic acid (HA) to the CD44 receptors that are overexpressed in injured kidney proximal tubules, we chose hydrophilic HA as a backbone component of drug delivery vehicles to achieve precise kidney-targeted delivery and enhance payload accumulation. − To improve the efficiency of hydrophobic BA loading, we chose the potent antioxidant bilirubin (Br) as a hydrophobic moiety to be modified on the HA polymer chain via an adipic dihydride (ADH) linker to yield HA–Br conjugate. Finally, we attempted to adopt the flash nanocomplexation (FNC) micromixing method to produce BA-loaded HA–Br nanoparticles (NPs) . Predictably, the nanoformulation possessed the following notable properties: (1) The as-prepared amphiphilic polymer would self-assemble as NPs for efficient encapsulation of hydrophobic BAPTA-AM agents via hydrophobic/hydrophilic interactions, with the expectation that it would effectively accumulate in renal tubules via the strong binding effects of HA to CD44 receptors and be well internalized by renal cells.…”