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In this communication, the impacts of adding SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate), TBAF (tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride) and the mixture of SDS ? TBAF on the main kinetic parameters of CO 2 hydrate formation (induction time, the quantity and rate of gas uptake, and storage capacity) were investigated. The tests were performed under stirring conditions at T = 5°C and P = 3.8 MPa in a 169 cm 3 batch reactor. The results show that adding SDS with a concentration of 400 ppm, TBAF with a concentration of 1-5 wt%, and the mixture of SDS ? TBAF, would increase the storage capacity of CO 2 hydrate and the quantity of gas uptake, and decrease the induction time of hydrate formation process. The addition of 5 wt% of TBAF and 400 ppm of SDS would increase the CO 2 hydrate storage capacity by 86.1% and 81.6%, respectively, compared to pure water. Investigation of the impact of SDS, TBAF and their mixture on the rate of gas uptake indicates that the mixture of SDS ? TBAF does not have a significant effect on the rate of gas uptake during hydrate formation process.Keywords Semi-clathrate hydrate Á Gas hydrate Á Kinetics Á CO 2 Á SDS Á TBAF List of symbols P Pressure R Universal gas constant T Temperature V Volume of the gas phase Z Compressibility factor Subscripts 0 Conditions of the cell at time t = 0 i Counter t Time w Water
In this communication, the impacts of adding SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate), TBAF (tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride) and the mixture of SDS ? TBAF on the main kinetic parameters of CO 2 hydrate formation (induction time, the quantity and rate of gas uptake, and storage capacity) were investigated. The tests were performed under stirring conditions at T = 5°C and P = 3.8 MPa in a 169 cm 3 batch reactor. The results show that adding SDS with a concentration of 400 ppm, TBAF with a concentration of 1-5 wt%, and the mixture of SDS ? TBAF, would increase the storage capacity of CO 2 hydrate and the quantity of gas uptake, and decrease the induction time of hydrate formation process. The addition of 5 wt% of TBAF and 400 ppm of SDS would increase the CO 2 hydrate storage capacity by 86.1% and 81.6%, respectively, compared to pure water. Investigation of the impact of SDS, TBAF and their mixture on the rate of gas uptake indicates that the mixture of SDS ? TBAF does not have a significant effect on the rate of gas uptake during hydrate formation process.Keywords Semi-clathrate hydrate Á Gas hydrate Á Kinetics Á CO 2 Á SDS Á TBAF List of symbols P Pressure R Universal gas constant T Temperature V Volume of the gas phase Z Compressibility factor Subscripts 0 Conditions of the cell at time t = 0 i Counter t Time w Water
A new 750 cm3 pilot test rig based on the “isochoric pressure method” was designed and commissioned for the hydrate measurements to concentrate sucrose solutions. The reactor included an improved agitation system and enabled sampling of the sucrose solutions. The experimental method was validated be performing dissociation measurements for the CO2 + water system. Gas hydrate kinetic and sampling data were measured for the CO2 + sucrose solutions at sucrose concentrations between (12–60) oBrix, within the temperature range of (274.65–276.15) K and at pressures up to 3.70 MPa. Results showed that sucrose is a kinetic inhibitor. The data were modeled to obtain hydrate formation rate, storage capacity, gas consumption and apparent rate constant. Stage‐wise concentration measurements were performed with reactor conditions at 274.65 K, 3.70 MPa and 130 rpm mixer speed with liquid sample withdrawal. A final sucrose product of approximately 60 oBrix was obtained.
Gas hydrate/clathrate hydrate formation is an innovative method to trap CO2 into hydrate cages under appropriate thermodynamic and/or kinetic conditions. Due to their excellent surface properties, nanoparticles can be utilized as hydrate kinetic promoters. Here, the kinetics of the CO2 + tetra‐n‐butyl ammonium bromide (TBAB) semi‐clathrate hydrates system in the presence of two distinct nanofluid suspensions containing graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and Al2O3 nanoparticles is evaluated. The results reveal that the kinetics of hydrate formation is inhibited by increasing the weight fraction of TBAB in aqueous solution. GO and Al2O3 are the most effective kinetic promoters for hydrates of (CO2 + TBAB). Furthermore, the aqueous solutions of TBAB + GO or Al2O3 noticeably increase the storage capacity compared to TBAB aqueous solution systems.
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