Kinetics Analysis of Overhead Standing Smash in Badminton

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the joint motion kinetics of the shoulders, elbows, and wrists between experienced player (skilled player) group and unskilled player group when performing overhead standing smash in badminton game. The samples involved were 26 samples. The samples included 13 male badminton players joining Student Activity Unit who had achieved many achievements and had a high skill (skilled), while the other 13 samples were unskilled players, involving students who had just studied under one year. The mean of participants’ age was 19.4 ± 1.6 years, height was 1.73 ± 0.12m, and body weight was 62.8 ± 3.7kg. This study used 3 Panasonic Handycams, a calibration set, 3D Frame DIAZ IV motion analysis software, and a speed radar gun. Normalization of the kinetic motion score of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist joints was calculated using the inverse dynamics method. The t-test was used to determine the significance of motion kinetic difference of the two different groups. The results presented that the shuttlecock speed of the skilled player group, during the overhead standing smash, showed a significant difference. Meanwhile, the joint motion of the inferior shoulder force, shoulder anterior force, shoulder internal rotation torque, shoulder horizontal abduction torque, elbow anterior force, and wrist flexion torque were higher in the skilled players group than the unskilled player group.

A Systematic Review of the Biomechanical Studies on Shoulder Kinematics in Overhead Sporting Motions: Types of Analysis and Approaches

“…Thirty-five percent of the studies reviewed used inverse kinematics to obtain the force data at the joints of interest in order to investigate the indicators that lead to higher movement speed and performance [8,10,18,23,34,42,45,[49][50][51] and/or to examine the amount of forces incurred from the joints when executing the tasks from an injury risk perspective [23,41,42,45,59]. For example, [10] identified greater shoulder internal rotation moment as a strong predictor of higher racket head speed (r = 0.737); this was supported by [45] who found greater shoulder internal rotation moment in the skilled vs. novice players (p = 0.016). Ref.…”

“…[42] identified a positive association between shoulder abduction at ball release and shoulder distraction force, recommending that pitchers consider reducing shoulder abduction at the later stages of the pitching motion to approximately 80 • to minimize shoulder superior force, with no impact on ball velocity. Meanwhile, all reviewed studies utilized kinematic analysis to identify the technique differences that contribute to different movement speed and performance, with six studies comparing between genders [11,24,51,52,57,58], two compared between age groups [49,56], four comparing between sport-experience level [11,13,23,45,61], and three comparing between injured and non-injured athletes [9,43,60].…”

Changes in Indicators of Special Physical Preparedness in Badminton Players Aged 10–11 under the Influence of Specially Selected Exercises

“…In the works of other authors, it is emphasized that with the appropriate angle of the flight path and the force of impact, the speed of the shuttlecock increases (Vial et al, 2019), the ability to track the trajectory of impact on the shuttlecock to correlate the movement of the racket to the target due to computer technology (Chi et al, 2021). The use of video technology made it possible to carry out a kinematic analysis of the movements of the shoulders, elbows and wrists when performing an attacking stroke in badminton (Rusdiana et al, 2021).…”

The Effect of Triceps Brachii Fatigue Due to Isometric Contraction on Elbow, Velocity and Accuracy of Overhead Smash in Badminton

“…Overhead smashes, which make up 20% of attacks in badminton matches, require the player to exert the greatest amount of force possible. By repeatedly performing the rally, which is done with high momentum and intensity and frequently lasts no longer than 10 seconds, the player develops positional fatigue in the arm muscles, particularly the triceps brachii [13].…”

“…Returning to previous studies in this field, we find that studies [7,[9][10][11][12] dealt with the impact of fatigue on many sports, including racquet games, but they dealt with general fatigue without specifying the muscles involved in the specialized activity and specializing them in research. As for the studies [13][14][15], they investigated the mechanical variables related to overhead smash skill in badminton and agreed on the importance of elbow work when stretching on velocity and accuracy of skill, but they did not address the effect of muscle fatigue on skill performance.…”