Kinetics and properties of diethyltoluenediamine type benzoxazine-cured diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A

Ren, Shitong; Yang, Xin; Zhao, Xiaojuan; Zhang, Ying; Huang, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.tca.2015.08.001

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Figure shows the FT‐IR spectra of PDETDA‐NH 2 /DGEBA after different curing stages. After heating 2 hours at 160°C, signals corresponding to epoxide group at 914 cm −1 and benzoxazine at 932 cm −1 weakened significantly, suggesting that the reaction between amino and epoxide groups and the ring‐opening polymerization of benzoxazine happened at low temperature curing stages. According to the results of PDETDA‐NH 2 curing, ring‐opening polymerization of benzoxazine completed after the 180°C curing stage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…According to the results of PDETDA‐NH 2 curing, ring‐opening polymerization of benzoxazine completed after the 180°C curing stage. Consequently, the reaction at higher temperature curing stages for PDETDA‐NH 2 /DGEBA was deduced to be the etherification reaction of the phenolic hydroxyls of polybenzoxazine and epoxide groups which was reported occurring at elevated temperature …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanical properties, thermal stability, and water absorption of the cured PDETDA‐NH 2 /DGEBA were examined and was compared with aromatic diamine DETDA cured DGEBA and bifunctional benzoxazine PDETDA cured DGEBA …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure shows the water absorption variation of the cured PDETDA‐NH 2 /DGEBA with the extension of immersion time in water at room temperature. The saturated water absorption of the cured PDETDA‐NH 2 /DGEBA was 1.2% of its conditioned weight, just between the values of the cured DETDA/DGEBA (1.5%) and PDETDA/DGEBA (0.9%) . This result was related to the amount of hydroxyl bonds which shielded the polar groups from interaction with water molecules.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The moderate saturated water absorption of the cured PDETDA‐NH 2 /DGEBA was speculated to be caused by the moderate amount of hydrogen bonds in the cured PDETDA‐NH 2 /DGEBA. Among the three cured samples, PDETDA‐NH 2 cured DGEBA showed the lowest diffusion coefficient of 5.22 × 10 −9 cm 2 s −1 as calculated by Fickian sorption . This result indicated that water diffused slowest in the cured PDETDA‐NH 2 /DGEBA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and curing of amino‐containing benzoxazine as a novel hardener for diglycidyl ether of bisphenol‐A

Ren

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Benzoxazines containing various additional functional groups have been extensively reported to improve the properties of polybenzoxazines. In this work, a novel amino‐containing benzoxazine (PDETDA‐NH2) was conveniently synthesized from diethyltoluenediamine (DETDA), 2‐hydroxybenzaldehyde, and paraformaldehyde and was used as a hardener for diglycidyl ether of bisphenol‐A (DGEBA). The curing behaviors of PDETDA‐NH2 and PDETDA‐NH2/DGEBA systems were studied by DSC, FT‐IR, and 1H NMR. When curing, PDETDA‐NH2 was firstly polymerized to N,O‐acetal‐type polymer and then rearranged to Mannich‐type polymer at elevated temperature, while the addition reaction between amino and benzoxazine was discouraged because of the steric hindrance of alkyl substituents. During PDETDA‐NH2/DGEBA curing, it was found that the reactions happened in the order of addition polymerization of amino and epoxide, ring‐opening polymerization of benzoxazine, etherification between phenolic hydroxyl of the polymerized benzoxazine, and epoxide. Compared with DETDA cured DGEBA, PDETDA‐NH2 cured DGEBA showed higher modulus, higher char yield, and much lower water uptake.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Synthesis and curing of amino‐containing benzoxazine as a novel hardener for diglycidyl ether of bisphenol‐A

Ren

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Preparation and curing behavior of latent 2‐PhIm‐PS microcapsule curing agent for epoxy resin

Yan

Guo²,

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A core–shell microcapsule latent epoxy curing agent (2‐PhIm‐PS) is obtained by solvent evaporation method with 2‐phenyl imidazole (2‐PhIm) as the core material and polystyrene (PS) as the wall material. The microcapsule parameters, morphology, structure, curing behavior, and the mechanic properties of cured epoxy resin with this microcapsule latent curing agent were characterized through comparing with 2‐PhIm. The particle size distribution of the microcapsule is narrow, the average particle size is about 10.56 μm, and the core material content is 23%. The prepared 2‐PhIm‐PS microcapsule curing agent has excellent latent curing properties. It can completely cure epoxy resin E‐51 within 10 min at 130°C, and its latent period can be more than 40 days at room temperature. In addition, the curing kinetics of one‐component epoxy resin curing system (E‐51/2‐PhIm‐PS) composed of 2‐PhIm‐PS microcapsules and epoxy resin E‐51 is also studied by using Kissinger equation, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa and Crane formula. The results provide an outline for the evaluation on the applicability of the microcapsule curing agent of 2‐PhIm‐PS for epoxy resin.

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High-performance naphthalenediamine-based polybenzoxazine and its cured epoxy resin

et al. 2019

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Kinetics and properties of diethyltoluenediamine type benzoxazine-cured diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Synthesis and curing of amino‐containing benzoxazine as a novel hardener for diglycidyl ether of bisphenol‐A

Synthesis and curing of amino‐containing benzoxazine as a novel hardener for diglycidyl ether of bisphenol‐A

Preparation and curing behavior of latent 2‐PhIm‐PS microcapsule curing agent for epoxy resin

High-performance naphthalenediamine-based polybenzoxazine and its cured epoxy resin

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