Kinetics and specificity of alginate lyases

Larsen, Bj�rn; Ho�en, Kirsti; �stgaard, Kjetill

doi:10.1007/bf00049070

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Because A1-II is specific to polyG just like a Klebsiella pneumoniae alginate lyase (22) and A1-III is specific to polyM (20), A1-I consisting of A1-II and A1-III can act on both polymers. Generally, almost all alginate lyases elucidated so far are known to be active on mannuronyl linkage of alginate (23) with the exception of extracellular alginate lyases from Bacillus circulans 1351 (24) and Klebsiella aerogenes type 25 (25) depolymerizing both of polyG and polyM. Therefore, A1-I is the first cytoplasmic enzyme acting on both polyM and polyG, endolytically.…”

Section: Purification and Characterization Of A1-i A1-ii And A1-iiimentioning

confidence: 97%

Overexpression in Escherichia coli, Purification, and Characterization of Sphingomonas sp. A1 Alginate Lyases

Yoon

Hashimoto

Miyake

et al. 2000

Protein Expression and Purification

110

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Section: Purification and Characterization Of A1-i A1-ii And A1-iiimentioning

confidence: 97%

Overexpression in Escherichia coli, Purification, and Characterization of Sphingomonas sp. A1 Alginate Lyases

Yoon

Hashimoto

Miyake

et al. 2000

Protein Expression and Purification

110

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“…Sumber-sumber yang dapat melisis atau memecah alginat, yaitu microorganisme, moluska laut dan (Burtin. 2003;Jacob, 2015) Energi rendah (Norziah and Ching, 2000) Serat kasar tinggi (Mahata et al, 2015) Karbohidrat tidak dapat dicerna (Boyen et al, 1990;Brown, Presti, 1991;Larsen et al, 1993;Horn, 2000;Jacob, 2015) Kandungan Anti Nutrisi Garam (Zahid et al, 1993, Ghosh et al, 1999Moen et al, 1999;Mahatta et al, 2015) Phlorotannin (Morand et al 1991;Wang et al, …”

Section: Senyawaunclassified

“…echinoderm (Boyen et al, 1990;Brown and Preston, 1991;Larsen et al, 1993). Jacob (2014), menyebutkan sebagian besar protein dan karbohidrat pada rumput laut tidak dapat dicerna oleh non ruminant.…”

Section: ) Penanganan Dan Pengolahanunclassified

Review: Potensi, Faktor Pembatas dan Pengolahan Rumput Laut Coklat (Phaeophyceae) sebagai Pakan Ayam Petelur

Dewi

Yuniza

Nuraini

et al. 2018

JPI

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ABSTRAKTulisan ini dibuat untuk mengetahui potensi, faktor pembatas, dan pengolahan rumput laut coklat (Phaeophyceae) sebagai pakan ayam petelur. Rumput laut coklat (Phaeophyceae) adalah rumput laut yang mengandung pigmen klorofil a, karotin, xanthofil dan fukosantin, pigmen yang dominan adalah fukosantin yang menutupi warna lainnya dan menyebabkan rumput laut ini kelihatan berwarna coklat. Rumput laut coklat memiliki potensi sebagai bahan pakan ayam petelur karena ketersediaan yang melimpah, tidak bersaing dengan kebutuhan manusia, mengandung zat-zat nutrisi, tidak bersifat toksik, kaya asam lemak omega 3, mengandung pigmen fukosantin, alginat dan fukoidan. Faktor pembatas penggunaan rumput laut ini, yaitu 1) Kandungan nutrisi dan kualitas: alginat tinggi, protein rendah, dan energi rendah; 2) Kandungan anti nutrisi: kadar garam tinggi dan phlorotannin; 3) Penanganan dan pengolahan: membutuhkan berbagai pengolahan khusus sebelum digunakan sebagai pakan ternak. Faktor-faktor pembatas tersebut dapat diatasi dengan perlakuan fisik (pencucian, pengeringan, autoklaf, perebusan dan freezing), fermentasi dan penambahan enzim dalam pakan sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan ketersediaan zat nutrisi dan mendetoksifikasi senyawa antinutrisi. Rumput laut coklat (Phaeophyceae) memiliki potensi sebagai bahan pakan penyusun ransum ayam petelur.

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“…strain A1 is quite different from that found in marine bacteria. Most alginate lyases so far examined are specific to either polyM or polyG (29) with the exception of extracellular alginate lyase from Bacillus circulans 1351 (14) or Alteromonas sp. strain H-4 (26), which is able to depolymerize both polyM and polyG.…”

Section: Fig 4 Effects Of Ph (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Identification of Oligoalginate Lyase of Sphingomonas sp. Strain A1 as One of the Enzymes Required for Complete Depolymerization of Alginate

et al. 2000

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Alginate is a linear polysaccharide composed of ␤-D-mannuronate and the C 5 epimer ␣-L-guluronate, arranged in three different ways: poly-␤-D-mannuronate (polyM), poly-␣-L-guluronate (polyG), and heteropolymeric (polyMG) region in which there is a random arrangement of the monomers (4). Alginate produced by brown seaweeds is not acetylated and is widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries because of the ability of the polymer to chelate metal ions and form a highly viscous solution (18). The acetylated form of alginate is synthesized by certain bacteria, such as mucoid cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Azotobacter vinelandii. P. aeruginosa causes serious chronic pulmonary infections in the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) (2), and alginate produced by the bacterial cells seems to play a crucial role in the adherence of the bacterium to target cells (21). The alginate functions as a biofilm and decreases the effect of antimicrobial agents by repressing the penetration of the agent into the biofilm, thus making it difficult to treat biofilm-dependent bacterial infectious diseases (5).A bacterium, Sphingomonas sp. strain A1, incorporates alginate into the cells through a pit formed on the cell surface (8), and an ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporter specific to the macromolecule is responsible for transport of alginate (16) (Fig. 1). The incorporated alginate is depolymerized by three types of cytoplasmic alginate-depolymerizing enzymes (alginate lyases A1-I [66 kDa], A1-II [25 kDa], and A1-III [40 kDa]) formed from a common precursor protein through the consecutive processes of posttranslational modification (Fig. 1) (17). A1-I is autoprocessed to give rise A1-II and A1-III (9), and these alginate lyases cleave glycosidic bonds endolytically in the alginate molecule by ␤-elimination reaction. Briefly, A1-I is active on acetylated and nonacetylated alginates. A1-II prefers polyG and nonacetylated alginate produced by brown seaweeds. A1-III efficiently liquefies polyM and acetylated alginates produced by mucoid cells of P. aeruginosa derived from the lungs of CF patients (17, 32); this property may be useful as a clinical agent for the therapy of CF and other infectious diseases caused by P. aeruginosa.Three alginate lyases (A1-I, A1-II, and A1-III) can produce di-and trisaccharides from alginate as major final products (6, 32), thus implying that the cells of Sphingomonas sp. strain A1 have an additional enzyme responsible for the degradation of alginate oligosaccharides to the constituent monosaccharides. To construct the complete metabolic pathway for alginate in Sphingomonas sp. strain A1, we have purified and characterized the enzyme (oligoalginate lyase) catalyzing the degradation of alginate oligosaccharides and determined its primary structure by cloning the gene. MATERIALS AND METHODSMaterials. Sodium alginate (average molecular weight, 25,700; polymerization degree, more than 100, viscosity, 1,000 cp) from Eisenia bicyclis and DEAEcellulose were purchased from Nacalai Tesque Co. Ltd.,...

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Kinetics and specificity of alginate lyases

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Overexpression in Escherichia coli, Purification, and Characterization of Sphingomonas sp. A1 Alginate Lyases

Overexpression in Escherichia coli, Purification, and Characterization of Sphingomonas sp. A1 Alginate Lyases

Review: Potensi, Faktor Pembatas dan Pengolahan Rumput Laut Coklat (Phaeophyceae) sebagai Pakan Ayam Petelur

Molecular Identification of Oligoalginate Lyase of Sphingomonas sp. Strain A1 as One of the Enzymes Required for Complete Depolymerization of Alginate

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