Kinetics of aristolochic acid I after oral administration of Radix Aristolochiae or Guanxinsuhe preparation in canines

Yang, Hongyu; Zheng, Xuehua; Du, Yue; Chen, Z.; Zhu, Danyan; Lou, Yijia

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2011.03.054

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Drug processing and compatibility are the main toxicity-removing methods. Some herbs containing AAs such as A. manushuresis, 21,23,26) A. fangchi 25,26) and A. Ridix 31) have been reported about the possibilities of reducing toxicity with drug processing 29,31) and compatibility. 21,25) As an anti-tussive and expectorant drug, the curative effect of AF is beyond doubt.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some herbs containing AAs such as A. manushuresis, 21,23,26) A. fangchi 25,26) and A. Ridix 31) have been reported about the possibilities of reducing toxicity with drug processing 29,31) and compatibility. 21,25) As an anti-tussive and expectorant drug, the curative effect of AF is beyond doubt. In long clinical practice, the raw drug of AF has been found with some malignant characteristics, and then honey-frying technology was applied to attenuate the side effects of AF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cortical tissues were then semi-quantitatively scored for the kidney lesion according to the literature. 18,25) A total of 5 indexes were used to quantify renal toxicity: (a) cell infiltration; (b) degeneration of epithelium; (c) tubular necrosis; (d) edema; and (e) interstitial inflammation. The total score (TS) was calculated according to the equation: TS= a+b+ c+d+ e. The scoring scales were defined as follows: 0, no toxicity; 0.5-1.0, mild toxicity; 1.0-2.0, moderate toxicity; above 2.5, severe histologic toxicity.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) For safe clinical use, it is quite necessary to evaluate the toxicity of AF and HAF since relatively high contents of AAs are found in them. Up to now, the pharmacological and toxicological actions of AAs, [4][5][6][16][17][18][19][20] A. manshuriensis [21][22][23] and A. fangchi [24][25][26] were well known, but only one piece of literature could be accessed on the subchronic toxicity of the aqueous extract of AF. 27) Drug processing is a traditional pharmaceutical technology in China, and plays an important role in reducing the toxicity of the traditional drugs.…”

Section: Acute and Subacute Toxicity Of The Extract Of Aristolochiae mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute and Subacute Toxicity of the Extract of Aristolochiae Fructus and Honey-Fried Aristolochiae Fructus in Rodents

Jie

Huang

Ren

et al. 2014

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Aristolochiae Fructus (AF) and honey-fried Aristolochiae Fructus (HAF) have been used in China for thousands of years as an anti-tussive and expectorant drug. Few clinical cases were reported associated with the toxicity of AF and HAF, although relatively high contents of aristolochic acids (AAs) were found in them. This work was designed to compare the acute and subacute toxicity of AF and HAF in order to provide references for safe clinical use and to evaluate the possibility of reducing toxicity of AF by honey-processing. The extracts of the herb were fed to mice or rats via gastric tube. Various toxic signs and symptoms, body weights, serum biochemical assay, organ weights and histopathology were used to evaluate the toxic effects. The median lethal dose (LD 50 ) of AF and HAF are 34.1 7.2 g/kg/d and 62.6 8.0 g/kg/d with a 95% average trustable probability (p 0.95), respectively. The subacute results showed a dose-dependant relationship of the toxicity of AF and HAF. Even in the high dose groups, only moderate toxicity was observed. Honeyfrying and decoction with water can decrease the contents of AAs, and attenuate the toxic effects of AF. But sufficient attention should be still paid to the safety of AF and HAF due to the existence of AAs. Key wordsacute toxicity; subacute toxicity; Aristolochiae Fructus; honey-fried Aristolochiae Fructus; honey-frying technology; herbal safety Aristolochiae Fructus (AF), the dry-ripe fruit of Aristolochia contorta BGE. or Aristolochia debilis SIEB. et ZUCC., has been used in China for thousands of years as an anti-tussive and expectorant drug.1) Honey-fried AF (HAF) has higher frequency of use than AF in clinic.The herbs and herbal remedies containing aristolochic acids (AAs) have drawn extensive attention because they are associated with the development of a chronic, progressive renal disease, designated as aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN).2)The AAN case was reported initially in a group of women in Belgium who developed severe renal disease after ingesting slimming pills containing Aristolochia fangchi.3) Now, AAs have been proven to be nephrotoxic, 4-6) carcinogenic [6][7][8] and mutagenic. 8,9) Therefore, most AAs-generating herbs and herbal preparations have been banned in many countries, including China. Some literatures [10][11][12][13][14][15] have reported that AAs contents in herbs were in the following order: A. manshuriensis>A. fangchi>A. Ridix>A. Fructus (AF)>A. Herbra. However, few clinical cases were reported to be associated with the toxicity of AF, AF and HAF were still listed in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (CP).1) For safe clinical use, it is quite necessary to evaluate the toxicity of AF and HAF since relatively high contents of AAs are found in them. Up to now, the pharmacological and toxicological actions of AAs, [4][5][6][16][17][18][19][20] A. manshuriensis [21][22][23] and A. fangchi [24][25][26] were well known, but only one piece of literature could be accessed on the subchronic toxicity of the aqueous extract of AF. 27)Drug processing is a traditio...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acute and Subacute Toxicity Of The Extract Of Aristolochiae mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute and Subacute Toxicity of the Extract of Aristolochiae Fructus and Honey-Fried Aristolochiae Fructus in Rodents

Jie

Huang

Ren

et al. 2014

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…In order to mitigate or eliminate their toxicity and the secondary effects of these drugs, a plethora of theory and technique are frequently used whose main methods of toxicity elimination are drug treatment and compatibility. Some plants containing aristolochic acids such as A. manushuresis [20,21], A. fangchi [22,23] and A. radix [24] have been reported on the possibility of reducing toxicity by drug therapy [24,25] and compatibility [20,23].…”

Section: Fig 4: Effect Of Eear (2000 Mg/kg) On the Asat Transaminasementioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Toxicity Evaluation of Ethanolic Extract of Aristolochia Albida Duch. Leaves on Wistar Rats Liver and Kidney Functions

Guinnin

Klotoé

Atègbo

2017

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: Aristolochia albida Duch is frequently used by alternative medicine to treat some pathologies like hepatitis. Our main objective was to evaluate the acute oral toxicity of the ethanolic extract of this plant.Methods: Exploratory tests for acute oral toxicity are performed in vivo on Wistar albino rats in a limit test of 2000 mg/kg for 14 d in accordance with the OECD Guidelines 423. The clinical signs were observed every day, followed by measurement of body weight change, the haematological and biochemical examinations were executed and statistical analysis was performed. Results:The various clinical signs observed after administration and for 14 d were recorded and no mortality was observed. With the exception of white blood cells, mean cell volume and platelets with statistically significant difference in control (p<0.05), all the haematological parameters showed an insignificant statistical difference to the control ratio (p>0.05). For biochemical parameters, except blood glucose and total protein of control batches, which show a significant statistical difference after 14 d (p>0.05), all the biochemical parameters show the statistically insignificant difference for test and controls batches (p>0.05) as well as the weight variation of the animals. Conclusion:The ethanolic extract of the leaves of A. albida Duch (EEAr) had not toxic effect on the biochemical and hematological parameters studied at a dose of 2000 mg/kg. The lethal dose is therefore over 2000 mg/kg.

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Predicting points of departure for risk assessment based on in vitro cytotoxicity data and physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modeling: The case of kidney toxicity induced by aristolochic acid I

Abdullah

Alhusainy

Woutersen

et al. 2016

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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Kinetics of aristolochic acid I after oral administration of Radix Aristolochiae or Guanxinsuhe preparation in canines

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Acute and Subacute Toxicity of the Extract of <i>Aristolochiae Fructus</i> and Honey-Fried <i>Aristolochiae Fructus</i> in Rodents

Acute and Subacute Toxicity of the Extract of <i>Aristolochiae Fructus</i> and Honey-Fried <i>Aristolochiae Fructus</i> in Rodents

Acute Toxicity Evaluation of Ethanolic Extract of Aristolochia Albida Duch. Leaves on Wistar Rats Liver and Kidney Functions

Predicting points of departure for risk assessment based on in vitro cytotoxicity data and physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modeling: The case of kidney toxicity induced by aristolochic acid I

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