Kinetics of Oxidation of Tobacco Char

Muramatsu, Motohiko; Umemura, Setsuko

doi:10.2478/cttr-2013-0500

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The amount of NO formed in this region is dependent on the nitrate content as shown in Figure 6. On the other hand, a large amount of NO was produced in the higher temperature region, where carbonaceous residue left after the thermal decomposition of the tobacco was oxidized leaving ash (11,12). As can be seen in Figure 6, the amount of NO formed in this region was independent of the nitrate content of the tobacco.…”

Section: Nitrogen Oxides In Mainstream and Sidestream Smoke Of Unblenmentioning

confidence: 93%

A Study on Precursors of Nitric Oxide in Sidestream Smoke

Umemura¹,

Muramatsu²,

Okada³

1986

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

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Section: Nitrogen Oxides In Mainstream and Sidestream Smoke Of Unblenmentioning

confidence: 93%

A Study on Precursors of Nitric Oxide in Sidestream Smoke

Umemura¹,

Muramatsu²,

Okada³

1986

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

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“…Inserting equation [5] into equation [6]: [7] In order to determine the kinetic parameters of each precursor, denoting the experimental data by and the calculated…”

Section: Tobacco Pyrolysis Reaction Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, establishing a mathematical model of cigarette combustion and the indepth analysis of the smoking process are important for the design of cigarettes. Since EGERTON et al (1) first tried to model the burning process of a cigarette, several mathematical models have been established in the last fifty years, as shown in Table 1 (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Obviously, the modeling work has made significant progress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of the Burning Process in a King-Size Cigarette Based on Experimentally Derived Reaction Kinetics

Zheng

Deng

et al. 2020

Contributions to Tobacco &Amp; Nicotine Research

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Summary A comprehensive two-dimensional (2D) mathematical model has been proposed to simulate the burning process of a king-size cigarette. The characteristics of this model are including: 1) the use of kinetic models for the evaporation of water, the pyrolysis of tobacco and the oxidation of char, 2) the application of mathematical relationships between the release amounts of certain products (i.e., “tar” and CO) and different reaction variables (i.e., temperatures and oxygen concentrations), 3) the introduction of mass, heat and momentum transports, 4) the consideration of filtration effects of the cigarette filter on “tar”. These characteristics were expressed in a set of coupled equations that can be solved numerically by FLUENT. The information about the char density field, temperature field, flow velocity field, “tar” and CO density fields and the filtration efficiency could be obtained from the model. This model was validated by comparing the predictions with experimental data on puff number, the temperatures at specific locations, the filtration efficiency and the yields of “tar” and CO under different puff intensities. The calculated results show a good agreement with the experimental data. The predicted puff number was 7.3, and the experimental puff number was 6.8. The standard root mean square error (NRMSE) between the experimental and the predicted temperatures at specific locations is < 18%. The predicted filtration efficiency for “tar” was 46.1%, and the experimentally determined filtration efficiency for nicotine was 44.5%. The maximum relative deviations of the yields of “tar” and CO under different puff intensities were 8.9% and 10.6%, respectively.

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“…(f . -T) + /i (7 -r ) (9) c eig s' hjn is found as follows: the mean initial convective flux from a cigarette was measured to be 37 kW/m^.…”

Section: Ignition Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A computer model of the smoldering ignition of furniture

1992

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This paper describes a user-friendly computer model, TMPSUB2. This model calculates the temperature field throughout a solid (but porous) substrate which can undergo exothermic pyrolysis, when it is exposed to an arbitrary (localized) heat flux which can move uniformly, such as that of a smoldering cigarette. TMPSUB2 has successfully simulated the thermal runaway signifying smoldering ignition of the substrate when it is exposed to a set of external heating fluxes. The processes taken into consideration are three-dimensional heat conduction in the substrate, pyrolysis of the latter, and the diffusion of air into it at the top surface. TMPSUB2 also takes into account the fact that the substrate consists of two layers (a foam pad covered by a fabric), with the possibility of an air gap between them, up to three pyrolytic reaction steps, and with temperature-dependent thermophysical constants. TMPSUB2 solves the equations describing the physics and chemistry of the heating and ignition process numerically; the results have been compared with a set of ignition experiments, and have been found to be semi-quantitatively correct, both for the ignition temperature and for the time to ignition. Analysis of the experiments indicates that the substrate, which consists of a thin fabric layer over a thick foam padding, behaves as a thermally thin layer.Use of TMPSUB2 shows that smoldering ignition would result from a stationary hot spot of intensity and dimension simulating a quietly smoldering cigarette. A users' guide is included.

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Kinetics of Oxidation of Tobacco Char

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

A Study on Precursors of Nitric Oxide in Sidestream Smoke

A Study on Precursors of Nitric Oxide in Sidestream Smoke

Numerical Simulation of the Burning Process in a King-Size Cigarette Based on Experimentally Derived Reaction Kinetics

A computer model of the smoldering ignition of furniture

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