Kinetics of the Transformation of Metastable Tin‐Nickel Deposits: I . Determination of the Avrami Equation Parameters by DSC or DTA

Abstract

Using both differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and differential thermal analysis (DTA), the kinetics of the transformation upon heating of the metastable tin-nickel alloy were studied. The solid-state reaction proceeds according to a classical Avrami equation. The parameters of the reaction equation were determined, and it is shown that the metastable alloy will not revert to the stable state, for all practical purpose, if kept at temperatures below 100~Variations of the kinetic parameters were observed which can explain most of the different stability evaluations reported by different authors.

Calculation of the Avrami parameters for heterogeneous solid state reactions using a modification of the Kissinger method

“…While the DTA and DSC values for n agree completely, the control values for AE and v are somewhat higher with the DTA method. Reference [4] points out the observed variations of AE and v from sample to sample; the 90 % confidence intervals shown in Table 2 intersect for both AE and v and prove our two sets of results to be consistent. The DTA technique has an inherent time lag which depends on the geometry of the measurement cell.…”

“…Using differential scanning calorimetry the transformation has been found to follow an Avrami law and the parameters n, AE, and v were determined [4]. We will compare the results obtained by our modified Kissinger method for DTA with those obtained by DSC.…”

“…Table 2 shows the reaction parameters obtained with our extended Kissinger method. For comparison the results obtained by DSC [4] are also displayed. While the DTA and DSC values for n agree completely, the control values for AE and v are somewhat higher with the DTA method.…”

“…In the course of studying the kinetics of the transformation of tin-nickel [4], which occurs in the working range of both the DSC and DTA, we have been able to extend the Kissinger method to solid state reactions obeying an Avrami law.…”

Tin based alloys for lithium ion batteries

“…After Parkinson's first description [10], it is still unknown whether NiSn is a new homogeneous intermetallic compound [11] or a Ni-deficient electrochemical form of Ni3Sn2 [12]. A typical XRD pattern of NiSn alloy electroplated on Cu is shown in Fig.…”