Kisspeptin/GPR54 System: What Do We Know About Its Role in Human Reproduction?

Trevisan, Camila Martins; Montagna, Erik; Oliveira, Renato de; Christofolini, Denise Maria; Barbosa, Caio Parente; Crandall, Keith A.; Bianco, Bianca

doi:10.1159/000493406

Cited by 102 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…107 A picture emerges that the Me contains subpopulations of specific neurons identifiable by sexually dimorphic expression of genes that integrate olfactory inputs to drive specific behaviors. 110,111 Kisspeptin-synthesizing neurons are also found in the Me, as are neurons that express kisspeptin receptor, and studies have shown that kisspeptin signaling is essential for various aspects of sexual function, including sexual behaviors in both sexes and for olfactory-mediated behaviors. 108,109 Another particularly compelling example involves kisspeptin, a neuropeptide localized mostly in neurons in the hypothalamus that plays a key regulatory role in reproductive physiology.…”

Section: Medial Amygdalamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…108,109 Another particularly compelling example involves kisspeptin, a neuropeptide localized mostly in neurons in the hypothalamus that plays a key regulatory role in reproductive physiology. 110,111 Kisspeptin-synthesizing neurons are also found in the Me, as are neurons that express kisspeptin receptor, and studies have shown that kisspeptin signaling is essential for various aspects of sexual function, including sexual behaviors in both sexes and for olfactory-mediated behaviors. [112][113][114] In the rodent, projections from the AOB, but not the MOB, contact Me kisspeptin neurons, 115 and in female mice, inputs from the AOS, and not the MOS, provide olfactory information to kisspeptin neurons in the periventricular hypothalamus that are essential for female sexual behavior.…”

Section: Medial Amygdalamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex differences in main olfactory system pathways involved in psychosexual function

Cherry

Baum

2019

Genes Brain and Behavior

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We summarize literature from animal and human studies assessing sex differences in the ability of the main olfactory system to detect and process sex-specific olfactory signals ("pheromones") that control the expression of psychosexual functions in males and females. A case is made in non primate mammals for an obligatory role of pheromonal signaling via the main olfactory system (in addition to the vomeronasalaccessory olfactory system) in mate recognition and sexual arousal, with male-specific as well as female-specific pheromones subserving these functions in the opposite sex.Although the case for an obligatory role of pheromones in mate recognition and mating among old world primates, including humans, is weaker, we review the current literature assessing the role of putative human pheromones (eg, AND, EST, "copulin"), detected by the main olfactory system, in promoting mate choice and mating in men and women. Based on animal studies, we hypothesize that sexually dimorphic effects of putative human pheromones are mediated via main olfactory inputs to the medial amygdala which, in turn, transmits olfactory information to sites in the hypothalamus that regulate reproduction.K E Y W O R D S accessory olfactory system, chemosignal, human, main olfactory bulb, main olfactory epithelium, main olfactory system, medial amygdala, mouse, pheromone, sex difference, sexual behavior

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Section: Medial Amygdalamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Medial Amygdalamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in main olfactory system pathways involved in psychosexual function

Cherry

Baum

2019

Genes Brain and Behavior

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“…It is also possible that each colony has its own unique chemical cue of colony size. We favour the idea that something as important as coordinating developmental transitions would be shared across colonies, akin to reproductive hormones in humans, such as the kisspeptin/GPR54 system (Trevisan et al ., ). There is, however, the possibility that each colony has a unique colony‐level trigger that changes as the colony grows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Colony‐level chemical profiles do not provide reliable information about colony size in the honey bee

Smith

Kingwell

Böröczky

et al. 2020

Ecological Entomology

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1. Chemical communication facilitates colony function across social insects, providing workers with information about individual and colony state. Although workers use chemical cues to detect developmental transitions in individuals, it is unknown whether workers can also use colony-level chemical profiles to detect the developmental state of their colony. Indeed, it is largely unknown how colony-level chemical profiles change as colonies grow and develop.2. Reproductive onset is a major developmental transition and, in the honey bee, Apis mellifera, colonies must surpass a threshold colony size before workers will invest in reproduction. Given the ubiquity of chemical communication, the present study investigated whether colony-level chemical profiles change with colony size.3. Chemical compounds deposited by workers of three colony sizes (5000, 10 000, 15 000 workers) collected over a 4-day time-series (0, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h), as well as worker cuticular lipids, were sampled. 4. In total, 26 compounds deposited on nest surfaces and 20 compounds in worker cuticular lipids were identified; it took up to 24 h for sampled nest surfaces to reach saturation in the number and amount of deposited compounds. 5. Among these compounds, no qualitative or quantitative indicators of colony size were found, suggesting that deposited chemical compounds are not semiochemicals in this context. Volatile pheromones have also been shown previously to not play a role in signaling colony size. Therefore, honey bee workers are unlikely to use deposited chemical cues to detect colony size, and must rely instead on other modalities, such as physical cues of worker density.

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“…By injecting kisspeptin-10 into sheep's brain, a large amount of GnRH can be directly observed in the cerebrospinal fluid, accompanied by an increase in LH [56] . This effect is caused by the Kiss-1 encoded product, kisspeptin, which binding to the GPR54 [57] . GPR54 is a G protein-coupled receptor in the rhodopsin family [58] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the mechanism of sarsasapogenin in treating precocious puberty by regulating HPG axis

Sun

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Precocious puberty is a common endocrine disorder in children,and its pathogenic factor is early initiation of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Sarsasapogenin is the main component of traditional Chinese medicine Zhimu, which has anti-fertility effect. There is already evidence that anti-fertility drugs may be resistant to precocity by regulating the HPG axis. Therefore, we speculated that sarsasapogenin might also has the effect. In order to test this hypothesis, this study determined the effect and mechanism of sarsasapogenin on precocious puberty by establishing a danazol-induced precocious puberty model. Methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal(N)group, model (M) group, leuprolide (L) group and sarsasapogenin (Sar) group. Rats at 5 days of age were given a single subcutaneous injection of 300 microgram of danazol dissolved in 25 microliter vehicle of ethylene glycol-ethanol (1:1, v/v), to establish the precocious puberty model. After 10 days of modeling, drug intervention was started. Vaginal opening was started at the age of 20 days, and then vaginal cell smears were examined. The development of uterus and ovary was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The levels of Serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol (E2) were determined by radioimmunoassay. The expressions of hypothalamic gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), Kiss-1, G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) and pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (GnRH-R) were detected by RT-PCR. Results The day of vaginal opening was significantly advanced in the M than that in the N group. Compared with the M group, the Sar and L groups could significantly delay the opening time of vaginal (P < 0.001,P < 0.05,respectively). The Sar group could significantly decrease uterine and ovarian coefficients, and reduce uterine wall thickness (P < 0.05, respectively). In terms of serum hormones (LH, FSH, E2), the M group was significantly higher than the N group (P < 0.001,respectively). Moreover, the Sar group can significantly down-regulate the levels of serum hormones (P < 0.001, P < 0.01, P < 0.01,respectively). Also, the expression of GnRH, GnRH-R, Kiss-1 mRNA were significantly decreased in the Sar group compared with that in the M group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions The results showed that sarsasapogenin had the effect of treating precocious puberty, and its mechanism might be to down-regulate the expression of GnRH and GnRH-R mRNA through the Kiss-/GPR54 system, thus delaying the initiation of HPG axis.

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Kisspeptin/GPR54 System: What Do We Know About Its Role in Human Reproduction?

Cited by 102 publications

References 105 publications

Sex differences in main olfactory system pathways involved in psychosexual function

Sex differences in main olfactory system pathways involved in psychosexual function

Colony‐level chemical profiles do not provide reliable information about colony size in the honey bee

Study on the mechanism of sarsasapogenin in treating precocious puberty by regulating HPG axis

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