Knappable lithic resources of North-Western Romania: A mineralogical study

Crandell, Otis

doi:10.2218/jls.v1i1.824

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…We argue that such a translator can trigger various practical development at the application level. A Romanian grammar was developed by [21] that includes 866 grammatical rules and 320 affixes, which have been used for the development of a morphological vocabulary of cca. 30,000 words.…”

Section: Discussion and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

LELA - A natural language processing system for Romanian tourism

Varga¹,

Miron²,

Roth³

et al. 2014

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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Abstract-This paper presents a commercial semantic-based system for the Romanian tourism. The Lela system exploits both open linked data from Romanian and international sources, and also proprietary databases in the tourism domain. We present the process of creating the linked data set, based on: i) engineering the LELA Romanian tourism ontology, and ii) populating the ontology by linking open data. The system also provides a natural language interface for the Romanian language. The queries are automatically translated into SPARQL based on a controlled vocabulary derived from the Lela ontology.

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Section: Discussion and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

LELA - A natural language processing system for Romanian tourism

Varga¹,

Miron²,

Roth³

et al. 2014

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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“…The high quality materials are the same as those found throughout the Transylvanian basin -Carpathian obsidian, Miorcani type Moldavian flint, and Balkan flint. These materials are described in previous publications (Crandell 2008;2009b;2012a;2012b;2012c;2014a;2014b;in press;Crandell & Mărcuţi in press;Crandell et al 2013;Crandell & Popa 2015;Crandell & Vornicu 2015) so only a brief mention will be made here for the benefit of readers who have not read (or do not have access to) the previous publications. By identifying the sources of raw materials in region, it was possible to identify probable sources of the artefacts.…”

Section: Lithic Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of the knapped stone economy at the Tărtăria site (Romania)

Crandell

2016

JLS

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This study focused on sourcing the lithic artefacts from the Tărtăria site in the Transylvanian Basin. The objective was to establish a model of the procurement patterns of the population at the settlement. This site is located along the middle region of the Mureș River and has several habitation levels belonging to the Vinča A, Vinča B, Vinča-Turdaș (or Vinča C), Petrești and Coțofeni cultures (Middle Neolithic to Chalcolithic). Most of the results of this study are based on analysis of the artefacts from Iuliu Paul’s excavation in 1989. This knapped artefacts from the Tărtăria site were categorised by tool type, signs of usage and retouch, and probably geographic origin. The sources of the artefact materials were predicted based on macroscopic and petrographic analyses (polarized light optical microscopy). The lithics appear to be made from the same types of materials found at other contemporary sites in the area. As with other sites, the most common imported material is obsidian, followed by Moldavian flint. Balkan flints represent only a small part of the assemblage. Of the local material, the vast majority is chert, likely local Trascău Mts. chert, which represents over half of the pieces in the assemblage. Although the site is closer to sources of jasper in the Metaliferi Mts. than some other Neotlihic and Chalcolithic sites down river, very few of the artefacts were made from jasper. (This may be due to an economic connection with nearby and contemporary, quarrying activity at the Piatra Tomii site.) Obsidian is used almost exclusively for blades and flakes. The same is true for Moldavian flint, although scrapers were not uncommon. Cores and scrapers are more common among local material than among imported material. The percentages of each artefact type seem to remain relatively similar for each culture (i.e. with the progress of time). This shows that people were still using the same general types of tools. The percentages of the different materials varies over time though. During the Vinča A and Vinča B phrases, local materials represent approximately 30% of the assemblage and imported materials represent c. 70%. After the Vinča B phase (i.e. entering into the Chalcolithic), the emphasis switches to local sources (representing c. 87%) while imported drop to c. 13%. Two important observations can be made from this study. Firstly, with the possible exception of Balkan flint, the imported materials came from outside of the territories of the cultures at this site. This indicates that areas of similar artistic style (the main characteristic used to define culture areas) do not in fact match areas of economic interaction. This further supports the need for a redefining of cultures and cultural territories. Secondly, although the inhabitants during the Late Neolithic and Chalcolithic used imported materials (especially obsidian), local materials became more and more predominant over time, possibly due to the introduction and continually increasing value of copper or increased self-sufficiency. The fact that this shift in material usage occurs most drastically during the transition to the Chalcolithic supports this idea.

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“…There is a wide spectrum of siliceous rocks suitable for raw material of knapped stone tools for prehistoric people in the mountainous areas of the Carpathian basin (Biró 1988(Biró , 2008Kaminská 2001Kaminská , 2013Rácz 2013;Crandell 2014). This richness is due to the complicated geological history of the Carpathians, developed in the Africa-Eurasia Collision Zone within the Alpine orogenesis (Földvary 1988;Plašienka et al, 1997;Budai and Gyalog 2009;Mester et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Perspectives on the Problems of the Exploitation Area and the Prehistoric Use of the Buda Hornstone in Hungary

Faragó¹,

Péter²,

Cserpák³

et al. 2018

apolona

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The mountainous areas of the Carpathian basin have provided a wide spectrum of siliceous rocks for prehistoric people. Although the presence of outcrops of a kind of chert, named Buda hornstone was already known by geological and petrographic investigations, the developing Hungarian petroarchaeological research did not pay much attention to this raw material. Its archaeological perspectives have been opened by a discovery made at the Denevér street in western part of Budapest in the 1980s. During the excavations of the flint mine, not much was known about the distribution of this raw material in the archaeological record. Since then the growing amount of archaeological evidences showed that its first significant occurrence in assemblages can be dated to the Late Copper Age Baden culture, and it became more abundant through the Early Bronze age Bell-Beaker culture until the Middle Bronze Age tell cultures. Until now, 15 outcrops of the Buda hornstone have been localised on the surface. Based on thin section examinations taken from two different outcrops, we have made a clear distinction between three variants. In the last few years, archaeological supervision has been conducted during house constructions, suggesting the Buda hornstone occurrence takes the form of a secondary autochthonous type of source. In the framework of our research program, a systematic check of the raw materials is planned in the lithic assemblages of the nearby prehistoric sites, as well as to look for extraction pits or other mining features with the application of geophysical methods and a thorough analysis of the surface morphology

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Knappable lithic resources of North-Western Romania: A mineralogical study

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

LELA - A natural language processing system for Romanian tourism

LELA - A natural language processing system for Romanian tourism

An overview of the knapped stone economy at the Tărtăria site (Romania)

New Perspectives on the Problems of the Exploitation Area and the Prehistoric Use of the Buda Hornstone in Hungary

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