Knee Extensor Rate Of Torque Development Assessment Post-acl Reconstruction: Does Sampling Rate Matter?

Cobian, Daniel G.; Knurr, Keith A.; Smith, A. William; Joachim, Mikel R.; Kliethermes, Stephanie; Heiderscheit, Bryan C.

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000877628.51947.fc

Cited by 3 publications

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“…In addition, it was beyond the scope of this study to consider the effects of psychological factors, neural factors, and other muscular properties that could influence performance of the ACL-injured limb. Finally, RTD measures were collected at 100 Hz, which is lower than the recommended 1,000 Hz; however, recent work found high agreement between RTD measures at high and low sampling rates (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rate of torque development was calculated as the slope of the torque time curve from 0 to 100 ms and 100 to 200 ms (Figure 1) (12,20). Recent work has shown that there is strong correlation between RTD sampled at 100 and 2000 Hz for the investigated time phases of 0-100 ms and 100-200 ms (6). Sampling RTD at 100 Hz may also be more clinically feasible because this is the standard sampling frequency of commercial isokinetic dynamometers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Muscle Fiber Cross-Sectional Area Is Associated With Quadriceps Strength and Rate of Torque Development After ACL Injury

Graham,

Thompson,

Hawk

et al. 2024

Journal of Strength &Amp; Conditioning Research

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Graham, MC, Thompson, KL, Hawk, GS, Fry, CS, and Noehren, B. Muscle fiber cross-sectional area is associated with quadriceps strength and rate of torque development after ACL injury. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between muscle fiber type–specific properties of the vastus lateralis and quadriceps muscle performance in individuals after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. 26 subjects (22.0 ± 5.4 years) were included in this cross-sectional study, and all data were collected before ACL reconstruction. Quadriceps peak torque (QPT) and early (0–100 ms) and late (100–200 ms) rate of torque development (RTD) were obtained from maximal voluntary isometric quadriceps strength testing. Muscle fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA) and percent fiber type distribution (FT%) were evaluated through immunohistochemical analysis of a muscle biopsy. Between-limb differences in fiber characteristics were assessed using paired t-tests (with α-level 0.05). Relationships between fiber-specific properties and quadriceps muscle performance were determined using separate multiple linear regression analyses for ACL-injured and noninjured limbs. There were significant differences in fCSA between ACL-injured and noninjured limbs across all fiber types, but no differences in FT%. Type 1 fCSA, type 2a fCSA, and their interaction effect were the explanatory variables with the strongest relationship to all performance outcomes for the ACL-injured limb. The explanatory variables in the ACL-injured limb had a significant relationship to QPT and late RTD, but not early RTD. These findings suggest that QPT and late RTD are more heavily influenced by fCSA than FT% in ACL-injured limbs. This work serves as a foundation for the development of more specific rehabilitation strategies aimed at improving quadriceps muscle function before ACL reconstruction or for individuals electing nonsurgical management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle Fiber Cross-Sectional Area Is Associated With Quadriceps Strength and Rate of Torque Development After ACL Injury

Graham,

Thompson,

Hawk

et al. 2024

Journal of Strength &Amp; Conditioning Research

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Dynamic knee joint stiffness during bilateral lower extremity landing 6 months after ACL reconstruction

et al. 2023

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Investigating the Influence of Modifiable Physical Measures on the Elbow Varus Torque – Ball Velocity Relationship in Collegiate Baseball Pitchers

Barrack,

Sakurai,

Wee

et al. 2024

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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Background: The mechanism of ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury during pitching is excessive elbow varus torque (EVT). The EVT–ball velocity (T-V) relationship allows concurrent assessment of player performance and UCL injury risk. Modifiable physical capacities may underlie individual variation seen in the T-V relationship. Purpose: To identify physical performance characteristics that impact the T-V relationship during pitching. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: A total of 87 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I pitchers participated. Pitching collection involved measurement of EVT and ball velocity during 5 maximal effort fastballs thrown to a catcher. Physical measures collected were the following: shoulder and hip passive range of motion (ROM) and strength, shoulder rate of torque development (RTD), grip strength, and lumbopelvic stability. Physical measures were entered into univariate linear mixed models with ball velocity as a covariate to predict EVT. Variable reduction for multivariate models involved selection of physical measures based on random forest–derived variable importance and univariate relationship significance, rendering a 27-variable pool. Multivariate linear mixed models predicting EVT, adjusting for physical measures and other physical characteristics, were then created using backward elimination. Results: In univariate analysis, for every 1 m/s (2.2 mph) increase in ball velocity, the mean EVT increased by 1.51 Nċm (95% CI, 0.66-2.37 Nċm; P = .001). In univariate analysis, hip abduction strength symmetry and bilateral lumbopelvic stability significantly increased EVT, while dominant-shoulder ROM, scaption RTD symmetry, and hip ROM significantly decreased EVT. Variables that increased EVT while controlling for ball velocity in the final model include grip strength symmetry, lead-leg lumbopelvic stability, and bodyweight. Increased dominant-shoulder internal rotation (IR) strength, dominant-shoulder flexion ROM, and scaption strength asymmetry decreased EVT as ball velocity increased. Conclusion: Several modifiable physical measures affected EVT in the univariate analysis. In our final model, when controlling for ball velocity, EVT increased with increased grip strength symmetry, lead-leg lumbopelvic stability, and bodyweight and decreased with increased dominant-shoulder IR strength, dominant-shoulder flexion ROM, and scaption strength asymmetry. Clinical Relevance: Defining the individual and multivariate effects of these physical capacities on EVT contextualizes their role in the T-V relationship and helps identify access points through which coaches and clinicians can optimize a pitcher's T-V relationship.

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Knee Extensor Rate Of Torque Development Assessment Post-acl Reconstruction: Does Sampling Rate Matter?

Abstract: Low 0.005 ± 0.014 0.006 ± 0.015 High ✕ Symmetrical 0.007 (0.001, 0.01) 0.02* Symmetrical -0.001 ± 0.009 -0.004 ± 0.10 Low ✕ Symmetrical 0.008 (0.002, 0.01) 0.01* *Indicates a significant condition main effects; Body Weight (BW); Standard Deviation (SD); Confidence Interval (CI)

Cited by 3 publications

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Muscle Fiber Cross-Sectional Area Is Associated With Quadriceps Strength and Rate of Torque Development After ACL Injury

Muscle Fiber Cross-Sectional Area Is Associated With Quadriceps Strength and Rate of Torque Development After ACL Injury

Dynamic knee joint stiffness during bilateral lower extremity landing 6 months after ACL reconstruction

Investigating the Influence of Modifiable Physical Measures on the Elbow Varus Torque – Ball Velocity Relationship in Collegiate Baseball Pitchers

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