Knowledge acquisition for expert systems in accounting and financial problem domains

Design and implementation of a fuzzy expert system for performance assessment of an integrated health, safety, environment (HSE) and ergonomics system: The case of a gas refinery

“…One of the recent ES applications in the area of interpretation includes detection and interpretation of sleep apneas [50], and there are several applications in the area of diagnosis. They include defects diagnostic system for tire production and service [51], fault diagnosis of electrical machines and drives [52], instrument diagnosis on the Internet [53], nuclear power plant accident diagnosis [54], Web-based tele-diagnosis in aquaculture [55], Web-based expert system for fish disease diagnosis [62], diagnosis of anorexia [56], diagnostic expert system for honeybee pests [57], expert system for monitoring and diagnosis of anaerobic wastewater treatment plants [58], and diagnosis system for digital mammograms [59]. These are just a few of the recent applications in the area of diagnosis.…”

A hybrid diagnostic-advisory system for small and medium-sized enterprises: A successful AI application

“…At an early stage of the project it was hoped that a traditional symbolic ES approach would be naturally suited to the task we were facing, and a prototype expert system was in fact developed for the human resources component of the system using an off-the-shelf expert system shell. However the knowledge acquisition, modelling, and validation/verification phases [43][44] proved too demanding for the resources available, especially in such a multidisciplinary domain for which little formalized knowledge exists. Indeed, many people were involved in the design of the PDG system, each with a different specialization: management, marketing, accounting, finance, human resources, engineering, technical, information technology, etc., and with various backgrounds: researchers, graduate students, research professionals, and of course entrepreneurs.…”

“…As far as the research team was concerned this was pioneering work; we had no previous experience to call on. In general previous SME diagnosis systems had been financial and based on quantitative accounting data-see [42][43][44] for examples of expert systems in finance.…”

“…Contrary to many performance diagnostic tools that compare the target enterprise's information to fixed norms and standards (e.g. [44]), our system evaluates each enterprise in terms of a unique reference group endorsed by the entrepreneur. Findings at our institute suggest the use of general norms and standards is inappropriate to SMEs, which simply are too heterogeneous to support the definition of standard or "universal" values.…”

Estudio empírico de la influencia de la experiencia y del conocimiento del dominio del analista en la efectividad de la educción de requisitos

“…No obstante, parece indiscutible que la entrevista no estructurada (también denominada habitualmente "entrevista abierta") es la más frecuentemente utilizada (Wagner, Otto, & Chung, 2002). La entrevista no estructurada se caracteriza por no poseer un plan (conjunto de preguntas, lista de aspectos que explorar) prefijado de antemano (Agarwal & Tanniru, 1990;Hove & Anda, 2005).…”