Knowledge and Perceptions about Clinical Trial Participation among African American and Caucasian College Students

Abstract

Objectives The objectives of the study were to examine knowledge and perceptions of undergraduate and graduate students regarding participation in clinical trials and explore the degree to which knowledge and perceptions about research participation can vary by race. Methods A cross-sectional survey was administered to undergraduate and graduate students between 18 and 35 years of age at a public minority-serving institution and a private, predominately-white university in the Southern United States. A total of 171 African American students and 119 Caucasian students completed the survey. Results Descriptive analyses were conducted and T-and chisquare tests were used to assess racial differences across key indicators. Fifty-nine percent of respondents were African American and 41 % were male. African American and Caucasian participants had similar experiences with research participation and had comparable knowledge about research participation. Racial differences were found in two areas. African American students with no prior research experience were more willing to participate in a future clinical trial (33 vs 22 %, p<0.0001) and had a higher average perception of clinical research score (29.7 vs 27.4 %, p<0.001). Conclusions The results from this study suggest that the gap between African American and Caucasian knowledge and perceptions about research may be closing and additional studies are needed to explore how generational differences can impact these factors among underrepresented groups. A deeper understanding of key influences associated with knowledge and perceptions among hard-to-reach populations would go a long way toward the development of culturally relevant and respectful clinical trial education programs that would inform potential participants before recruitment.

Race and ethnic differences in additive and multiplicative effects of depression and anxiety on cardiovascular risk

“…[ 6 ] These contextual factors are also able to change additive and multiplicative effects of risk and protective factors even when their separate effects are similar. [ 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ] Race, ethnicity, gender, and their intersections modify the separate[ 15 ] and combined[ 16 ] effects of anxiety and depressive disorders on obesity,[ 15 16 17 ] cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)[ 6 17 18 19 ] and well-being. [ 7 ] The International Journal of Preventive Medicine[ 10 11 12 ] and a few other journals[ 13 14 20 21 ] are making an immense contribution to this field by publishing the results of empirical evidence suggesting how race, ethnicity, and gender operate as moderators.…”

Estresores de aculturación de los inmigrantes hispanos en Estados Unidos de América. Revisión sistemática exploratoria

“…Lo anterior podría deberse a que los hispanos están menos dispuestos a participar en ensayos clínicos [43][44][45] y enfrentan una serie de barreras para la posible colaboración [46][47][48] . Según la literatura, estas barreras incluyen factores contextuales basados en el paciente, el médico y los sistemas de salud [49][50][51] , además de factores personales como lo son: conocimientos limitados de salud, falta de dominio del idioma inglés y una comprensión escasa de los procesos de ensayos clínicos y documentos de consentimiento 52 . En ese sentido, la implementación de las intervenciones de enfermería en salud depende de la aceptabilidad tanto para los proveedores (investigadores, profesionales de la salud) como para los receptores (participantes, pacientes) 53,54 .…”

Depressive Symptoms Increase the Risk of Mortality for White but Not Black Older Adults

“…In a number of studies, race, ethnicity, and class have been found to alter the effects of psychosocial resources and assets on chronic disease [ 10 ] and health [ 11 ]. Race, ethnicity, and class also mitigate the effects of depression on physical health [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Racial and ethnic groups differ in separate [ 20 ] and combined [ 21 ] effects of depression and anxiety on obesity, [ 20 , 21 , 22 ] cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) [ 11 , 22 , 23 , 24 ], and well-being [ 12 ].…”

“…Racial and ethnic groups differ in separate [ 20 ] and combined [ 21 ] effects of depression and anxiety on obesity, [ 20 , 21 , 22 ] cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) [ 11 , 22 , 23 , 24 ], and well-being [ 12 ]. All this literature suggests that race and ethnicity operate as moderators for the effects of psychosocial factors on physical health outcomes [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”