Religion has been seen as one of the most important predictors of female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C), yet there are almost no studies that empirically examine how religion affects the parents’ decision to subject their daughters to FGM/C. Thus, the authors investigated how several aspects of religiosity—religious affiliation, prayer frequency, religious service attendance, religious fundamentalism, perceived governmental unfairness toward one’s own religious group, and perceived religious suppression—contribute to the parents’ decision for FGM/C. They analyzed randomly sampled cross-sectional data of African parents from 19 Sub-Saharan countries with a sample size of N = 13,077. The overall prevalence rate of parents having any of their daughters circumcised was 20%, varying per country from 1% (Cameroon) to 88% (Mali). Participants belonging to a traditional African religion reported the highest prevalence of FGM/C with 62%, followed by Muslim parents with 34%, unaffiliated parents with 14%, and Christian parents with an FGM/C rate of 10%. Using multilevel logistic regression, we found that parents’ decision for FGM/C was predicted by religious affiliation, lower prayer frequency, higher religious service attendance, higher perceived governmental unfairness, being older, and a lower level of education, but not by religious fundamentalism, perceived religious suppression, and gender. Thus, religiosity has differential effects on the parents’ decision for FGM/C: Although on its own, praying decreases the likelihood that parents will subject their daughters to FGM/C, the social aspects of religiosity increase this likelihood.