Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices on Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene among Rural Residents in Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia

Berhe, Abera Aregawi; Desta, Abraham Aregay; Abreha, Alemnesh Araya; Berhe, Asfawosen Aregay; Gebretsadik, Ataklti; Negash, Degnesh; Gebre-egziabher, Equbay; Demoz, Kiros; Mamo, Nega Bezabih

doi:10.1155/2020/5460168

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Further, when women are socially independent, they could participate in social organizations and share knowledge about the benefit of improved sanitation service so that struggle to establish the service. In the same way, a study from rural part of Ethiopia showed that having good information about the benefits of WASH services was associated with having these services at home (49,50). Though it had variation in the types of indicators used to measure empowerment, this finding broadly supports the work of other studies in this area linking sanitation with women's empowerment (48,51).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Association of Women’s Empowerment With Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (Wash) Services in Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Analysis

Bogale

2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Access to safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services is vital for human health and well-being. In Ethiopia, lack of improved WASH services has existed as a health problem for many years. Empowering women is among the most important factors for improving WASH services, but research-based evidence is lacking in this regard. The present study was designed to analyse the association between women’s empowerment and WASH services in Ethiopia.Methods: This analysis is based on the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). The survey-based Women’s emPowERment (SWPER) index approach is used to develop women’s empowerment indices. The three empowerment domains used by the SWPER authors include attitude to violence, social independence, and decision-making. Multilevel logistic regression was used to assess the association between these domains of women’s empowerment and WASH services. Estimates were presented as odds ratio (OR) and expressed per one standard deviation (SD) with significance levels set at the 5% level. Results: Overall, 90.9%, 78.4%, and 50.3% of the households included in this analysis had no basic handwashing facility, improved sanitation facility, and improved water source, respectively. A one SD increase in the social independence domain was associated with 16% higher odds of having basic handwashing facility (AOR: 1.16; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.33). As women’s attitude to violence increased by one SD, the odds of having improved sanitation facility is increased by 22% (AOR: 1.22; 95%CI: 1.05, 1.42). Also, a SD increase in social independence domain was associated with 18% higher odds of having improved sanitation facility (AOR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.34). There was no statistically significant association between domains of women’s empowerment and source of water.Conclusions: This study has shown that most of the households in Ethiopia had no access to improved WASH services. Multiple regression analyses revealed that empowering women had association with having basic handwashing and improved sanitation facility. The findings of this study have suggestive evidence that empowering women could improve WASH cervices.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Association of Women’s Empowerment With Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (Wash) Services in Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Analysis

Bogale

2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This result was high compared to other studies that the overall mean knowledge of adults in terms of water safety, sanitation and hygiene was 78.1% [6]. And in another study good knowledge and practice on WASH were observed in 42.2% and 49.2% of the respondents, respectively [14]. This high level of knowledge and practice in the city could be mainly due to the continuous input of the Ministry of Health and the Eritrean Government in improving the life standards of the community in general and the proper utilization and usage of latrines and sanitation through the Community Lead Total Sanitation (CLTS) programs of increasing awareness and triggering processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Despite these results and even though almost all self-reported that regular hand washing is very important, but during practical observation the narrative changes. Mothers' hands were not clean in 20.8% of them and only 23.5% of the households had soap at the toilet during the investigators visit, which is better than similar Ethiopian study (14.98%) [14]. This shows that the practice of hand washing with soap after defecation is questionable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…This result was higher to other studies that an estimated 33% of the households in these countries report treating their drinking water at home and boiling were the most dominant water treatment method (21%). [5] Other study also reported that household water treatment was practiced by 34% [6] and 18.3% [14] of the respondents and Chlorination was a major (20%) method of HWT [6]. This higher practice of water treatment could be mainly due to their higher level of knowledge on the methods and on the disease burden compared to the other study groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Community Knowledge and Practice on Sanitation, Hygiene, Household water utilization and Prevalence of Diarrhea in Afabet City, Northern Red Sea Zone; Eritrea: Cross Sectional study: 2020

Tesfai¹,

Milkyas²,

Kibreab³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Water and sanitation entitles the human right to affordable access and sanitation. The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge and practice on sanitation, hygiene and water utilization and to estimate the prevalence of diarrhea in Afabet city.Methods: It was a community-based descriptive cross-sectional type of study with a multistage cluster sampling technique. First 12 clusters were selected from the city and 30 households were nominated from each cluster, then a total of 360 individuals were sampled and every family head was interviewed. A structured interviewer administered questionnaire and field observation was used for data collection from December 05-20, 2020. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ministry of Health Research and Ethics Clearance Committee and written informed consent was signed by each respondent. Cross tabulation and association of variables using chi-square test was determined. Results: A total of 360 respondents were enrolled in the study with females (75.3%) and Muslim (98.9%) predominance. Above half (65.3%) and (67.5%) were satisfied with the amount and quality of water they received respectively. The prevalence of diarrhea in the community in the last six months of 2020 was 12.5%. The investigators practically approved that 88.9% of the communities revealed functional toilets and feces were observed in only 4.7% of the living area in the community. The community’s comprehensive good knowledge and practice was 99.4% and 93.9% respectively. Study participants from administrative area of one and three and those from four and five had the best good practice and practicing hand washing of greater than five times a day respectively (p=0.001). Respondents from administrative area of two were traveling longer distance to municipality water source (p<0.001). Conclusion: The community had good level of knowledge and practice but the prevalence of diarrhea was relatively high. Latrines were highly utilized but the usage of soap, personal and food hygiene was slightly low. The level of comprehensive practice, prevalence of diarrhea, distance to municipality water source and hand washing practice was associated to the administrative areas. Enhancing environmental sanitation, personal hygiene and provision of adequate and clean water are highly recommended.

show abstract

“…Globally one-third of women experience intimate partner violence (IPV) [6]. These violations are a serious public health concern throughout the world, but it's notably present in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia, where 38.83% of the women abused by their intimate partner [7,8,9,10,11,12,13]. Women's reproductive right needs due attention because of its violence happens worldwide and it is a serious challenge for the health of women [1,7,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Husband's Knowledge and Involvement in the Reproductive Rights of Women in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia

Mohammed¹,

Alemayehu²,

Desalew³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Reproductive rights violations are a serious public health concern worldwide, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia, where more than 38.83% of victims are living. Understanding the status of husbands’ knowledge and involvement helps to set important programs and interventions. However, there is a paucity of data related to husbands' roles in women's reproductive rights in the study setting. Therefore, this study aimed to assess husbands’ knowledge and involvement in women's reproductive rights and associated factors in Harar, eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 611 husbands in March 2020. A multi-stage sampling and a systematic random sampling technique were used to select districts and study participants. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were entered using EpiData 3.1 and analyzed with SPSS Version 22. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associated factors. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used, and a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The magnitude of husbands' knowledge and involvement were 48.3% and 40.1% respectively. Social media utilization (AOR=4.97; 95% CI: 2.79-8.85), Spousal discussion (AOR=2.33; 95% CI: 1.60-3.39), nearby facility types: hospital (AOR=3.21; 95% CI: 1.23-8.36) and health post (AOR=2.86; 95% CI: 1.20-6.94) were associated factors with knowledge of husbands. Likewise, experience of using reproductive health services (AOR=2.15; 95% CI: 1.52-3.03), spousal discussion (AOR=1.95; 95% CI: 1.35-2.82), social media use (AOR=1.74; 95% CI: 1.05-2.89) and age 40 to 49 years (AOR=1.99, 95%CI: 1.19-3.32) were associated with husbands involvement.Conclusions: Less than half of the husbands were knowledgeable and involved in the protection of partners’ reproductive rights. Promoting and creating effective media utilization is very important to create awareness of reproductive rights. Moreover, using reproductive health services and empowering women to have an open discussion is crucial to increase the knowledge and involvement of husbands.

show abstract

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices on Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene among Rural Residents in Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia

Cited by 24 publications

References 14 publications

Association of Women’s Empowerment With Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (Wash) Services in Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Analysis

Association of Women’s Empowerment With Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (Wash) Services in Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Analysis

Community Knowledge and Practice on Sanitation, Hygiene, Household water utilization and Prevalence of Diarrhea in Afabet City, Northern Red Sea Zone; Eritrea: Cross Sectional study: 2020

Husband's Knowledge and Involvement in the Reproductive Rights of Women in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About