Known and unknown terrestrial arthropod fauna of La Réunion Island, Indian Ocean

Legros, Vincent; Rochat, Jacques; Reynaud, Bernard; Strasberg, Dominique

doi:10.1007/s10841-019-00188-0

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…Ecologically, both are considered biodiversity hotspots that are rich in endemics [28] and lack any recent evolutionary history with bufonids ( pre-1920's [26]). Although not identical, these islands represent two relatively similar ecosystems, sharing a wide diversity of flora and fauna, including invertebrate communities [29][30][31] ( prey for toads [24]) and similar toad predators (mostly non-native vertebrates [26]).…”

Section: Methods (A) Study Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shrinking before our isles: the rapid expression of insular dwarfism in two invasive populations of guttural toad ( Sclerophrys gutturalis )

et al. 2020

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Island ecosystems have traditionally been hailed as natural laboratories for examining phenotypic change, including dramatic shifts in body size. Similarly, biological invasions can drive rapid localized adaptations within modern timeframes. Here, we compare the morphology of two invasive guttural toad ( Sclerophrys gutturalis ) populations in Mauritius and Réunion with their source population from South Africa. We found that female toads on both islands were significantly smaller than mainland counterparts (33.9% and 25.9% reduction, respectively), as were males in Mauritius (22.4%). We also discovered a significant reduction in the relative hindlimb length of both sexes, on both islands, compared with mainland toads (ranging from 3.4 to 9.0%). If our findings are a result of natural selection, then this would suggest that the dramatic reshaping of an amphibian's morphology—leading to insular dwarfism—can result in less than 100 years; however, further research is required to elucidate the mechanism driving this change (e.g. heritable adaptation, phenotypic plasticity, or an interaction between them).

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Section: Methods (A) Study Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shrinking before our isles: the rapid expression of insular dwarfism in two invasive populations of guttural toad ( Sclerophrys gutturalis )

et al. 2020

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“…Arthropod species lists for islands have been leveraged for comparative analyses to infer the processes that shape variation in species richness (Chown et al, 1998; Santos et al, 2011; Triantis et al, 2015). However, many arthropod species are still not formally described (commonly referred to as the Linnean shortfall, Lomolino, 2004), strongly hampering inferences of richness, diversity and endemism (Cicconardi et al, 2013; Emerson et al, 2011; Legros et al, 2020), and hence, conservation efforts (Cardoso et al, 2011). Structured HTS inventories of arthropod communities across islands hold great potential to overcome this shortfall by providing a way forward.…”

Section: Island Genomic Observatories—a Network For Island Arthropod ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective and harmonized high throughput barcoding of insular arthropod biodiversity: Toward a Genomic Observatories Network for islands

et al. 2022

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Current understanding of ecological and evolutionary processes underlying island biodiversity is heavily shaped by empirical data from plants and birds, although arthropods comprise the overwhelming majority of known animal species, and as such can provide key insights into processes governing biodiversity. Novel high throughput sequencing (HTS) approaches are now emerging as powerful tools to overcome limitations in the availability of arthropod biodiversity data, and hence provide insights into these processes. Here, we explored how these tools might be most effectively exploited for comprehensive and comparable inventory and monitoring of insular arthropod biodiversity. We first reviewed the strengths, limitations and potential synergies among existing approaches of high throughput barcode sequencing. We considered how this could be complemented with deep learning approaches applied to image analysis to study arthropod biodiversity. We then explored how these approaches could be implemented within the framework of an island Genomic Observatories Network (iGON) for the advancement of fundamental and applied understanding of island biodiversity. To this end, we identified seven island biology themes at the interface of ecology, evolution and conservation biology, within which collective and harmonized efforts in HTS arthropod inventory could yield significant advances in island biodiversity research.

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“…However, it is increasingly recognised that many arthropod species are still not formally described (commonly described as the Linnean shortfall, Lomolino, 2004), strongly hampering inferences of richness, diversity and endemism (e.g. Cicconardi, Fanciulli, & Emerson, 2013;Emerson, Cicconardi, Fanciulli, & Shaw, 2011;Legros, Rochat, Reynaud, & Strasberg, 2020), and hence, conservation efforts (Cardoso et al, 2011). A structured HTS inventory of arthropod communities across islands holds great potential to overcome this shortfall by providing a way forward to overcome traditional challenges of identification.…”

Section: Global Patterns and Drivers Of Island Arthropod Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective and harmonised high throughput barcoding of insular arthropod biodiversity: toward a Genomic Observatories Network for islands

Emerson

Borges²,

Cardoso³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Our current understanding of ecological and evolutionary processes underlying island biodiversity is heavily shaped by empirical data from plants and birds, although arthropods comprise the overwhelming majority of known animal species. This is due to inherent problems with obtaining high-quality arthropod data. Novel high throughput sequencing approaches are now emerging as powerful tools to overcome such limitations, and thus comprehensively address existing shortfalls in arthropod biodiversity data. Here we explore how, as a community, we might most effectively exploit these tools for comprehensive and comparable inventory and monitoring of insular arthropod biodiversity. We first review the strengths, limitations and potential synergies among existing approaches of high throughput barcode sequencing. We consider how this can be complemented with deep learning approaches applied to image analysis to study arthropod biodiversity. We then explore how these approaches can be implemented within the framework of an island Genomic Observatories Network (iGON) for the advancement of fundamental and applied understanding of island biodiversity. To this end, we identify seven island biology themes at the interface of ecology, evolution and conservation biology, within which collective and harmonised efforts in HTS arthropod inventory could yield significant advances in island biodiversity research.

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Known and unknown terrestrial arthropod fauna of La Réunion Island, Indian Ocean

Cited by 11 publications

References 129 publications

Shrinking before our isles: the rapid expression of insular dwarfism in two invasive populations of guttural toad ( Sclerophrys gutturalis )

Shrinking before our isles: the rapid expression of insular dwarfism in two invasive populations of guttural toad ( Sclerophrys gutturalis )

Collective and harmonized high throughput barcoding of insular arthropod biodiversity: Toward a Genomic Observatories Network for islands

Collective and harmonised high throughput barcoding of insular arthropod biodiversity: toward a Genomic Observatories Network for islands

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