Kondisi Rumput Laut Alam Di Perairan Pantai Ujung Genteng, Sukabumi Dan Labuhanbua, Sumbawa: Potensi Karbon Biru Dan Pengembangan Budidaya

Abstract

Sumberdaya rumput laut alam yang berlimpah di perairan Indonesia merefleksikan besarnya potensi penyerapan karbon oleh rumput laut untuk mengurangi gas rumah kaca, CO2, yang merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab terjadinya fenomena perubahan iklim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi serapan karbon oleh rumput laut alam di kawasan pesisir Labuhanbua, Kabupaten Sumbawa, NTB dan Ujung Genteng, Kabupaten Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. Pengumpulan data lapangan berdasarkan titik-titik pengamatan yang disebar pada transek garis yang tegak lurus terhadap garis pantai; meliputi data luas tutupan, jenis, dan kandungan karbon rumput laut alam yang dominan ditemukan pada kedua lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis-jenis rumput laut yang ditemukan di kawasan pantai Ujung Genteng terdiri atas 36 spesies dan di Labuhanbua 28 spesies. Berdasarkan besarnya simpanan karbon dalam bentuk biomassa pada berbagai spesies rumput laut alam di kedua lokasi penelitian, maka Sargassum sp., Padina sp., Dictyota dichotoma, Hydroclathrus clatratus, Gracilaria sp., G. foliifera, G. salicornia, Gelidium sp., dan Turbinaria sp., merupakan spesies potensial yang berperan sebagai media penyimpanan karbon biru, dan semua jenis tersebut dapat dikembangkan melalui aktivitas budidaya.

The roles of macroalgae in climate change mitigation: opportunities and challenges for marine-based carbon donor

“…Calcified macroalgae have low carbon content but have high diversity and biomass, thus contributing to carbon sequestration. Halimeda and Padina have higher estimates of carbon storage in Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara, namely 3.17 tons C/ha and 52.79 tons C/ha [30].…”

“…Rhodophyta and Ochrophyta have higher carbon storage than Chlorophyta [29,30]. The estimated carbon content of Chlorophyta, Ochrophyta, and Rhodophyta in Ujung Genteng, West Java was 16.30 tons C/Ha, 64.01 tons C/Ha, and 69.51 tons C/Ha, respectively (Table 1).…”

“…Sargassum has varied in carbon content from 20 to 50% in Sargassum aquifolium [29] and 15.41 to 37% in Sargassum sp. [20,30]. The carbon content of Ulva ranged from 20 to 32.75% in Ulva lactuca [12], 18 to 55% in Ulva intestinalis, 15 to 37% in Ulva clathrata [31], and 21 to 58% in Ulva reticulata [29][30][31].…”

“…[20,30]. The carbon content of Ulva ranged from 20 to 32.75% in Ulva lactuca [12], 18 to 55% in Ulva intestinalis, 15 to 37% in Ulva clathrata [31], and 21 to 58% in Ulva reticulata [29][30][31]. The variations in carbon content of macroalgae were influenced by various factors, including macroalgae species, morphological structure of the macroalgae, climate/season and characteristics of the coastal areas [32].…”

“…In general, calcified macroalgae had less carbon content than fleshy macroalgae. Carbon content of calcified macroalgae such as Halimeda micronesica, Actinotricia fragilis, and Jania adherens have been reported as 4.53%, 4.21%, and 3.56% [30], respectively. While carbon content of fleshy macroalgae such as Gracilaria lemaneiformis and Laminaria digitata have been reported as more than 35% (35.20% and 36%, respectively) [10,19].…”