Krakatau revisited: The course of events and interpretation of the 1883 eruption

Coupling eruption and tsunami records: the Krakatau 1883 case study, Indonesia

“…This method allows (1) comparison with XRF analyses of 1883 whole-rock samples published by Self (1992) and Mandeville et al (1996a, b); (2) and distinguishing between the 1883 Krakatau pumice and other regional sources of pumice that crop out along the coasts of Java and Sumatra (e.g. Danau caldera, Rajabasa volcano).…”

“…The eruptive processes, and the source and time propagation of the tsunamis have been widely debated on the basis of observations, analysis of nearfield (<20 km from Krakatau volcano) pyroclastic deposits, tide and pressure gauge records, and numerical modelling (Verbeek 1886;Stehn 1929;Williams 1941;Ewing and Press 1955;Latter 1981;Self and Rampino 1981;Yokoyama 1981Yokoyama , 1987Camus and Vincent 1983;Francis 1985;Self 1992;Nomanbhoy and Satake 1995;Carey et al 1996;Mandeville et al 1996a, b;Choi et al 2003;Pelinovsky et al 2005;Maeno and Imamura 2011). This paper does not attempt to re-analyse the 1883 eruption and question the source of the tsunamis.…”

Observing and understanding the Southeast Asian aerosol system by remote sensing: An initial review and analysis for the Seven Southeast Asian Studies (7SEAS) program

“…These climatic perturbations led to the naming of 1816 as the 'Year without a Summer'. In 1883, Krakatau, an island volcano in the Sunda Straits between Java and Sumatra erupted and ejected 10 km 3 of tephra and 15Mt S up to 40km height [Self, 1992;Self and Rampino, 1981]. Like the Tambora eruption, the injection of SO 2 into the stratosphere by Krakatau had global climatic effects, including a reduction in the average global surface temperature by 0.3°C in the Northern Hemisphere [Robock, 2005].…”

Magma plumbing beneath Anak Krakatau volcano, Indonesia: evidence for multiple magma storage regions

“…3 shows whole rock geochemistry of lava flows, bombs and ash erupted from Krakatau and Anak Krakatau in terms of total alkalis versus silica (TAS). Data is taken from Zen and Hadikusumo (1964), Self (1982), Camus et al (1987), Mandeville et al (1996a) and Gardner et al (2006;in press). All oxide values have been normalized to 100%, (volatile free), and iron content is FeO t .…”