Kritik der Urteilskraft

Kant, Immanuel; Vorländer, Karl

doi:10.28937/978-3-7873-2069-1

Cited by 277 publications

(126 citation statements)

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“…The specific pathogenic agents and parasites and their adequate hosts are defined by their evolutionary success. As with any functional argument in biology, this can be regarded as a circular but essential argument (Kant 1799).The merit of the biological aspect is its significance at the population level; this is relevant for the evolution of diversity (predator -prey relationships, food pyramids in savannah and offshore habitats) and because of calamities in artificial monocultures.…”

Section: P Wenk and A Renz 256mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitism and evolution: opposing versus balancing strategies

Wenk

Renz

2013

Historical Biology

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Parasitism refers to a particular symbiosis (deBary 1879) of organisms that live at the cost of their hosts. Virulent microbes (viruses and bacteria) proliferate unlimited causing toxic infections that end either by the host's death or its protective immunity. By this opposing survival strategy, via the population density, i.e. the contact rate, finally results a sequence of epidemic and endemic periods. The host population is kept at a reasonable level to resources, but host and pathogenic agent are wasted in the evolutionary arms race. Sparing such losses, eukaryotic proto-and metazoan parasites induce in natural hosts a delayed infection course by self-controlled propagation and avoid protective immunity. Hosts are 'immunized but not immune' and parasites propagate simultaneously with them. Metazoic and some protozoic parasitoses end with the parasite's natural death, pathogenic effects remain irrelevant. Nevertheless, the host's fitness becomes reduced by multiple re-infections and/or by increasing parasite loads. This balancing survival strategy controls host populations at lower costs. A network of parasitoses offers considerable selection advantages and explains the polyphyletic origin of eukaryotic parasites. Parasitism and other kinds of symbioses contribute to the stability of ecosystems and to stasis in long-term evolution but are invisible in the fossil record.

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Section: P Wenk and A Renz 256mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitism and evolution: opposing versus balancing strategies

Wenk

Renz

2013

Historical Biology

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“…Whereas in determinative judgment a given particular is subsumed under a universal that is already known, in reflective judgment one seeks to build an unknown universal for a given particular. The aesthetic judgment, then, is a particular kind of reflective judgment, but one that never reaches a universal and instead refers to human cognition-as such, to the interplay between imagination and understanding (Kant, 1974). Discarding the methodological implications of Kant's position, for the purpose of this article one may simply conclude that the presentation of action in literature can then be understood as an invitation to an aesthetic judgement, to reflect on the normative implications of the depicted action.…”

Section: Normativity In Fairy Tales 601mentioning

confidence: 99%

Normativity in Fairy Tales: Scope, Range and Modes of Communication

Hohr

2013

Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research

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“…Expanding and revising a large-scale philosophical system within German idealism, Kant's (1791) distinctions between aesthetic, moral, and rational judgment Downloaded by [Selcuk Universitesi] at 12:54 05 February 2015 paralleled new institutional divisions in society. Art, for instance, was also defined as autonomous in the sense that it was not part of an overarching religious order; it served no other purpose than being art.…”

Section: Rethinking Autonomymentioning

confidence: 99%