The objective of this anthology is to present the latest educational research in the field of health professions education. As researchers in higher education, we acknowledge an ongoing need to enhance pedagogical competence in professional education. In this introductory chapter, we will delve into various traditions, particularly within the Norwegian context, that have played a central role in the didactics of health education. These traditions revolve around themes focused on the purpose of education, the content it encompasses, the methods employed, and the assessment techniques utilized. Furthermore, a concise overview of all the chapters in the anthology is provided.