L'abus de Daturas et de Kava en Nouvelle Calédonie : une pratique inquiétante

Barguil, Yann; Mermond, S.; Kintz, Pascal; Villain, Marion; Choblet, E.; Cirimele, Vincent; Cabalion, Pierre; Duhet, Daniel; Charlot, Jean-Yves

doi:10.1051/ata:2006027

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Three species found in Iraq, D. innoxia Mill, D.metel L. and D. stramonium L. which are cultivated or may be found as escaper of cultivation here and there (Chakravarty, 1976) . All parts of Datura plants are toxic; containing dangerous levels of tropane alkaloids and can cause hallucinations and may be fatal if ingested by humans and other animals (Barguil et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Screening for Determination of Atropine and Scopolamine in Different Species of Datura in Iraq and Iran

Aldhif¹,

Mosa²,

Almousawi³

et al. 2021

PLANT ARCHIVES

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This study aimed to inspect the presence of atropine and scopolamine alkaloids in two species of Datura (D. stramonium & D. innoxia) from different places in Iraq and Iran. The whole plant were collected, dried, mashed, and then extracted by using solvent system 15:15:1 (Chloroform/Methanol/Ammonia 25%) Determination of alkaloids was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method using C18 column and isocratic mobile phase of acetonitrile-50 mM in phosphate buffer (pH 2.95). A comparative HPLC investigation of the alkaloid showed that there are significant differences in the quantities of the alkaloids in the plants of different origin, indicating that the influence may be attributed to the environmental factors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Screening for Determination of Atropine and Scopolamine in Different Species of Datura in Iraq and Iran

Aldhif¹,

Mosa²,

Almousawi³

et al. 2021

PLANT ARCHIVES

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“…Toutes les parties de la plante sont réputées contenir des alcaloïdes tropaniques. Ces agents sont anti-muscariniques et peuvent induire une sédation ou des délires hallucinatoires recherchés par les usagers [1].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…L'atropine, mélange de D et L-hyoscyamine et la scopolamine sont des esters d'alcools tropanique, principes actifs responsables des effets pharmacologiques [1].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Intoxication au Datura stramonium : traitement spécifique par physostigmine à partir d’un cas

Bernadet

Souder

Dondia

et al. 2015

Journal Européen des Urgences et de Réanimation

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“…Acute kava misuse leads to euphoria, sedation, muscle weakness, ataxia and ichthyosis [2][3][4][5][6][7]. In a few states or countries, as in Australia, regulatory measures exist concerning kava importation and kava markets, but to our knowledge, neither kava nor kavain or other kavalactones are classified as psychotropic products or as narcotics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromatographic hair analysis for natural kavalactones and their metabolites. A preliminary study

Tarbah¹,

Barguil

Müller

et al. 2013

Ann Toxicol Anal

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-Purpose: Kava is a traditional Pacific beverage made from the root of Piper methysticum. It is mainly used for its sedative properties due to lipophilic lactones called kavalactones. Kava action mechanisms include cell membrane stabilisation, inhibition of intracellular Ca 2+ increase and enzyme inactivation. Chronic or heavy consumption of kava is responsible for the skin taking on a scaly aspect. Biologically, an isolated increase in serum gamma-glutamyltransferase is noted. "Kava bars" or "nakamals" are numerous in the Pacific. In northern Australia, the use of kava is regulated in order to fight against the abuse of this drink. In metropolitan France, we note the presence of some kava bars in several cities. In New Caledonia, in ten years (December 2002-May 2013, we identified twenty-six cases where kavalactones were found in the blood of perpetrators or victims of fatal accidents (resulting in nineteen deaths and twenty-one people seriously injured), suicides and attacks. In addition, in nine cases of sudden unexplained deaths, significant concentrations of kavalactones were found in the blood of the victims. These figures, however, are understated as toxicological screening was not done systematically. As all toxicological laboratories are not identically equipped, we developed three simple and sensitive methods for the determination of kavalactones in human hair using HPLC-DAD, LC-MS/MS and GC/TOF-MS. Methods: Hair samples were collected from nine people of different origins (Caucasian, Melanesian, Indonesian and African). Kava consumption varied among these people (from a single oral dose of a medication sold on the internet, to a daily intake of several units of the kava beverage). Results: Using HPLC-DAD, the concentrations of kavalactones in human hair samples ranged between 0.2 and 25 ng/mg for kavain, 0.5 and 34 ng/mg for 7,8-dihydrokavain, 0.7 and 8 ng/mg for yangonin, 1 and 14 ng/mg for 5,6-dehydrokavain (=desmethyoxyyango-nin) and 0.9 and 6 ng/mg for the metabolite 12-hydroxy-5,6-dehydrokavain. Methysticin, 7,8-dihydromethysticin and the metabolite 11-hydroxy-5,6-dehydrokavain were detected but not quantified. Additionally, 12-hydroxykavain and 12-hydroxy-7,8-dihydrokavain were detected by LC-MS/MS in one case. General screening for other drugs as well as confirmation of the HPLC-DAD results was performed by GC/TOF-MS. Conclusions: The results of this pilot study indicate that kavalactones (kavain, 7,8-dihydrokavain, methysticin, 7,8-dihydromethysticin, 5,6-dehydrokavain (=desmethyoxyyangonin) and yangonin) accumulate in the keratin matrix of hair and can provide an easily applicable system for assessing chronic consumption of kava. This preliminary study must continue on a larger number of subjects using GC/TOF-MS and LC-MS/MS in order to conduct a comparative analysis among the three methods. Internet, à l'absorption quotidienne de plusieurs unités de boisson kava). Résultats : Déterminées par HPLC-DAD, les concentrations de kavalactones dans des échantillons de cheveux variaient de...

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L'abus de Daturas et de Kava en Nouvelle Calédonie : une pratique inquiétante

Abstract: BP J 5-98849 Nouméa (2) ChemTox-67400 Strasbourg (3) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (4) Centre Hospitalier Spécialisé, Nouméa-Nouvelle-Calédonie

Cited by 8 publications

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Comparative Screening for Determination of Atropine and Scopolamine in Different Species of Datura in Iraq and Iran

Comparative Screening for Determination of Atropine and Scopolamine in Different Species of Datura in Iraq and Iran

Intoxication au Datura stramonium : traitement spécifique par physostigmine à partir d’un cas

Chromatographic hair analysis for natural kavalactones and their metabolites. A preliminary study

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