“…Based on these facts, many social scientists have observed that there was a difference in the treatment of Ukrainians in regard to other refugees (Corneloup, 2022;Vertongen & Costa Santos, 2022;Rodier, 2022;Van Neste-Gottignies, 2022). These differences concerned the nature of the protection (immediate, collective, and automatic), the extensive rights attached (free movement, free choice of the host state and direct access to the labour market), and the way in which this solidarity mechanism between Member States was set up (quickly and by unanimous vote).…”