L'agriculture, une nature pour la ville ?

Donadieu, Pierre; Fleury, André

doi:10.3406/aru.1997.3117

Cited by 50 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…a public good, in which users cannot be excluded. This makes land management of little interest to the private sector (Donadieu and Fleury, 1997). In both Southern and Northern countries, as well as with family gardens, urban agriculture produces other things of value to the public, such as food security, social insertion and employment.…”

Section: The Case For Public Support For Multi-functional Urban Agricmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable urban agriculture in developing countries. A review

Bon

Parrot

Moustier

2010

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

286

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The population living in cities is continuously increasing worldwide. In developing countries, this phenomenon is exacerbated by poverty, leading to tremendous problems of employment, immigration from the rural areas, transportation, food supply and environment protection. Simultaneously with the growth of cities, a new type of agriculture has emerged; namely, urban agriculture. Here, the main functions of urban agriculture are described: its social roles, the economic functions as part of its multi-functionality, the constraints, and the risks for human consumption and the living environment. We highlight the following major points. (1) Agricultural activity will continue to be a strong contributor to urban households. Currently, differences between rural and urban livelihood households appear to be decreasing. (2) Urban agricultural production includes aquaculture, livestock and plants. The commonest crops are perishable leafy vegetables, particularly in South-east Asia and Africa. These vegetable industries have short marketing chains with lower price differentials between farmers and consumers than longer chains. The city food supply function is one of the various roles and objectives of urban agriculture that leads to increasing dialogue between urban dwellers, city authorities and farmers. (3) One of the farmers' issues is to produce high quality products in highly populated areas and within a polluted environment. Agricultural production in cities faces the following challenges: access to the main agricultural inputs, fertilizers and water; production in a polluted environment; and limitation of its negative impact on the environment. Urban agriculture can reuse city wastes, but this will not be enough to achieve high yields, and there is still a risk of producing unsafe products. These are the main challenges for urban agriculture in keeping its multi-functional activities such as cleansing, opening up the urban space, and producing fresh and nutritious food. (Résumé d'auteur

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Section: The Case For Public Support For Multi-functional Urban Agricmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable urban agriculture in developing countries. A review

Bon

Parrot

Moustier

2010

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

286

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“…For example, some researchers suggest that urban agriculture is used as a generic term, encompassing both urban community gardening and urban agriculture as acts of cultivation that refer to the same geographical imaginaries [49], [50]. Other authors prefer only to designate professional practices under the umbrella of urban agriculture [49], with an exclusionary focus on urban or metropolitan market-oriented production [51], while other authors in turn employ concepts such as 'organized garden projects' [52] and 'PAC-gardens' ('public access community gardens') as alternative ways of conceptually designate the geographical spaces of community gardens [5]. Thus, scrutinizing the literature on urban community gardening makes it evident that the diversity of what this concept involve, makes it essential to define what is meant by community gardening.…”

Section: Urban Community Gardeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeding Social Capital? Urban Community Gardening and Social Capital

Christensen¹

2017

cea

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There is a continuing debate regarding urban community gardening's benefits to local communities, and a particularly interesting branch of this debate has focused on community gardens capacity to encourage and facilitate social interaction, which may generate social capital. Social capital is an increasingly important concept in international research and measures of social capital have been associated with various measures of health. In a meta-analysis of literature published between 2000 and 2016 regarding community gardens' social advantages, through the lens of the concept of social capital, it is demonstrated that several studies substantiate that urban community gardens create social capital, both bonding and bridging, and exhibit indications of linking. It is moreover identified how there is much to be learned from future research, illuminating how urban community gardens can foster social capital, and thus benefit cities and local communities. The meta-analysis finds that mixed methods approaches can enrich future research on how urban community gardens can foster social capital, and thus benefit cities and local communities. Particular promising would be using qualitative methods that focus on the meanings ascribed to urban garden's activities in combination with documenting the sociodemographic, ethnic, and cultural composition of the volunteers and gardeners, in comparison with the local neighborhood in general. The analysis' findings furthermore implicates there is much to be learned from more focus on the structural dimensions of social capital, in addition to the cognitive dimensions, as this would yield a more nuanced depiction of social advantages of urban community gardening.

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“…Niwa for instance defines urban agriculture as a: ''professional activity located in the city that produces agricultural products and has as one consequence the presence of green spaces in the city'' 2 (Niwa, 2009, p. 105). If most authors choose not to differentiate between amateur practices and commercial practices, most of them focus only on some specific practices: metropolitan professional agriculture (Donadieu and Fleury, 1995;Jarrige et al, 2006), intra-urban agriculture (Wegmuller and Duchemin, 2010) or agriurbanism (Vidal and Fleury, 2009) for instance. Some authors however choose to work on the close relationship between urban gardening and urban agriculture (Boukharaeva and Marloie, 2010;Grandchamp Florentino, 2012;Nahmias and Le Caro, 2012), but with differing delineations of the terms.…”

Section: Framing Urban Gardening and Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Framing urban gardening and agriculture: On space, scale and the public

Ernwein

2014

Geoforum

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a b s t r a c tDuring the past ten years, both public policies and scientific research have tended to pay increasing attention to what they refer to as ''urban gardening'' and ''urban agriculture''. In this paper I argue that the term ''urban'' poorly reflects the diversity of spatial references that underpin such projects. I explore the framing process of two competing agriculture and gardening projects in Geneva, Switzerland. I first show that the social and spatial frames of the projects, i.e. the central definition of a public and of a spatiality are inextricably linked. In the second part, I argue that by ranking the spatial units that ground the spatial frames of the projects according to the specific public they are aimed at, the most powerful actor makes competitive use of scale frames. This paper thus argues for more attention to the socio-spatial framing of urban agriculture and urban gardening projects. It contributes to the debate on the politics of scale by exploring how a scalar hierarchy is performed through the strategic deployment of spatial criteria by social actors. The hierarchy appears to be contingent and context specific, with prevalent notions of locality and proximity.

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L'agriculture, une nature pour la ville ?

Cited by 50 publications

References 0 publications

Sustainable urban agriculture in developing countries. A review

Sustainable urban agriculture in developing countries. A review

Seeding Social Capital? Urban Community Gardening and Social Capital

Framing urban gardening and agriculture: On space, scale and the public

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