l-DOPA-induced air-stepping in preweanling rats. II. Kinematic analyses

Stehouwer, Donald J.; McCrea, Anne E; Hartesveldt, Carol Van

doi:10.1016/0165-3806(94)90157-0

Cited by 30 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Similarly, the in vitro air-stepping trajectories (Fig. 2B) were similar to those previously reported from in vivo neonatal air-stepping (Stehouwer et al 1994). The most obvious similarities include the presence of extension plateau phases at the ankle and hip joints as well as the absence of knee flexion during retraction/stance phases, which reflects the absence of ground interaction and need for weight support.…”

Section: Comparison Of Kinematics From In Vitro and In Vivo Conditionssupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Regarding the ventral-up air-stepping (Fig. 2B), the patterns were strikingly similar to the air-stepping patterns previously reported in neonatal in vivo air-stepping (Stehouwer et al 1994). In the in vivo study, the intact neonates were harnessed and air-stepping, while in vitro, the isolated cord was ventral-up with the hindlimbs air-stepping above the body.…”

Section: Kinematics Confirm the Behavioral Relevance Of The Preparationsupporting

confidence: 60%

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An In Vitro Spinal Cord–Hindlimb Preparation for Studying Behaviorally Relevant Rat Locomotor Function

Hayes

Chang²,

Hochman³

2009

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Hayes HB, Chang Y-H, Hochman S. An in vitro spinal cordhindlimb preparation for studying behaviorally relevant rat locomotor function. J Neurophysiol 101: 1114 -1122, 2009. First published December 10, 2008 doi:10.1152/jn.90523.2008. Although the spinal cord contains the pattern-generating circuitry for producing locomotion, sensory feedback reinforces and refines the spatiotemporal features of motor output to match environmental demands. In vitro preparations, such as the isolated rodent spinal cord, offer many advantages for investigating locomotor circuitry, but they lack the natural afferent feedback provided by ongoing locomotor movements. We developed a novel preparation consisting of an isolated in vitro neonatal rat spinal cord oriented dorsal-up with intact hindlimbs free to step on a custom-built treadmill. This preparation combines the neural accessibility of in vitro preparations with the modulatory influence of sensory feedback from physiological hindlimb movement. Locomotion induced by N-methyl D-aspartate and serotonin showed kinematics similar to that of normal adult rat locomotion. Changing orientation and ground interaction (dorsal-up locomotion vs ventral-up air-stepping) resulted in significant kinematic and electromyographic changes that were comparable to those reported under similar mechanical conditions in vivo. We then used two mechanosensory perturbations to demonstrate the influence of sensory feedback on in vitro motor output patterns. First, swing assistive forces induced more regular, robust muscle activation patterns. Second, altering treadmill speed induced corresponding changes in stride frequency, confirming that changes in sensory feedback can alter stride timing in vitro. In summary, intact hindlimbs in vitro can generate behaviorally appropriate locomotor kinematics and responses to sensory perturbations. Future studies combining the neural and chemical accessibility of the in vitro spinal cord with the influence of behaviorally appropriate hindlimb movements will provide further insight into the operation of spinal motor pattern-generating circuits.

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Section: Comparison Of Kinematics From In Vitro and In Vivo Conditionssupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Kinematics Confirm the Behavioral Relevance Of The Preparationsupporting

confidence: 60%

An In Vitro Spinal Cord–Hindlimb Preparation for Studying Behaviorally Relevant Rat Locomotor Function

Hayes

Chang²,

Hochman³

2009

Journal of Neurophysiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…L-DOPA (L-beta-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, Although stereotyped air-stepping was the preSigma) and 4 received the vehicle solution (sodium dominant form of locomotion, L-DOPA also inphosphate dibasic buffer). duced age-related gait changes (e.g., ''air-swimming'' and ''air-galloping'') in intact (McCrea, Stehouwer, & Van Hartesveldt, 1994; Apparatus. The testing apparatus consisted of an incubator with a transparent door so that subjects Hartesveldt et al, 1991) and decerebrate (Iwahara, Van Hartesveldt, Garcia-Rill, & Skinner, could be visualized.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At each age, 6 pups received Stehouwer, McCrea, & Van Hartesveldt, 1994). L-DOPA (L-beta-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, Although stereotyped air-stepping was the preSigma) and 4 received the vehicle solution (sodium dominant form of locomotion, L-DOPA also inphosphate dibasic buffer).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%